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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho refere as estratégias, objetivos e metodologias desenvolvidas, ao longo da época desportiva, na equipa universitária de Natação AAUBI, durante o estágio. A Natação é considerada uma modalidade de resistência, pelo facto de 80% das competições serem superiores a 40 segundos. Contudo, 20% das provas são de velocidade. É considerada uma modalidade complexa pela quantidade de fatores que a envolvem, em que a capacidade motora exigida é grande (força muscular, resistência e portência). Assim, é importante ter em conta o tipo de planeamento que o treinador deve adotar para as condições exigidas. A equipa foi composta por nadadores universitários, sendo todos eles especialistas em provas de distâncias mais curtas (velocidade). Os treinos realizados variaram entre treinos em água e de força em seco. Foram desenvolvidos dois estudos que procuraram verificar a importância do treino de força em seco combinado com o treino de natação no aumento do desempenho de nado. Primeiramente, o Estudo 1 testou as relações entre os exercícios de força/potência em seco e a performance de nado em distâncias curtas, averiguando as relações entre exercícios de força e água. Quinze nadadores universitários, com idade média 20 ± 1.46 anos, realizaram sprints de 50 e 100m no nado de livres. Foram realizados testes de força, a saber agachamento, supino plano, salto com contramovimento sem e com braços livres e lançamento de bola medicinal. As variáveis frequência gestual, distância por ciclo de braçada, índice de nado e velocidade média, foram tidas em conta para o teste de água. Quantificou-se a relação através dos coeficientes de correlação de Person (r). Os resultados mostraram que distância por ciclo e índice de nado foram as variáveis mais correlacionadas com a velocidade e os testes de força (p<0.01). Foram encontradas algumas correlações significativas entre os parâmetros velocidade média e o supino (p<0.05). Assim sendo, com base nestes resultados, no Estudo 2 procurou-se analisar os efeitos de oito semanas de treino de força em seco combinado com o treino de natação. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: um grupo experimental (onze nadadores) e um grupo controlo (nove nadadores). O grupo experimental passou por oito semanas de treino de força, como complemento ao treino na água. Verificou—se que as forças combinadas com o treino de natação permitem um aumento de desempenho no sprint em nadadores competitivos, comprovando também que o efeito tem um transfere direto para a melhoria do resultado em competição (95.1% melhorias de rendimento individual), daí a importância da investigação para o planeamento desportivo.
The present work refers to the strategies, objectives and methodologies developed during the sports season in the AAUBI Swimming University team, during the internship. Swimming is considered a form of resistance because 80% of competitions are over 40 seconds. However 20% of the tests are speed. It is considered a complex modality by the number of factors that involve it, where the motor capacity required is great (muscular strength, endurance and portability). Thus, it is important to take into account the type of planning that the coach must adopt for the required conditions. The team was composed by university swimmers, all of them sprinters. The training sessions varied in water and dry land training. Two studies were developed that sought to see the importance of dry land training combined with swimming training in increasing swimming performance. First, Study 1 tested the relationships between dry land (strength/power) exercises and short-distance swimming performance, ascertaining the relationships between strength and water exercises. Fifteen university swimmers with a mean age of 20 ± 1.46 years, performed sprints of 50 and 100m in the free swim. Strength tests were performed: squatting, flat bench press, free-arm and free-arm jumping, and medical ball throwing. Signal frequency, distance per stroke cycle, swim rate and mean velocity s-1 were taken into account for water testing. It was quantified through the correlation coefficients of Person (r). The results showed that distance per cycle and swim index were the variables most correlated with velocity and strength tests (p <0.01). Some significant correlations were found between the mean velocity and supine parameters (p <0.05). Thus, Study 2 sought to analyze the effects of eight weeks of dry land training combined with swimming training. The sample was divided into two groups: one experimental group (eleven swimmers) and one control group (nine swimmers). The experimental group underwent eight weeks of strength training. It has been found that strength combined with swimming training allows development of increased sprint performance in competitive swimmers. Also proving that the effect has a direct transfer to the improvement of the result in competition (95.1% improvement of individual income), hence the importance of research for sports planning.
The present work refers to the strategies, objectives and methodologies developed during the sports season in the AAUBI Swimming University team, during the internship. Swimming is considered a form of resistance because 80% of competitions are over 40 seconds. However 20% of the tests are speed. It is considered a complex modality by the number of factors that involve it, where the motor capacity required is great (muscular strength, endurance and portability). Thus, it is important to take into account the type of planning that the coach must adopt for the required conditions. The team was composed by university swimmers, all of them sprinters. The training sessions varied in water and dry land training. Two studies were developed that sought to see the importance of dry land training combined with swimming training in increasing swimming performance. First, Study 1 tested the relationships between dry land (strength/power) exercises and short-distance swimming performance, ascertaining the relationships between strength and water exercises. Fifteen university swimmers with a mean age of 20 ± 1.46 years, performed sprints of 50 and 100m in the free swim. Strength tests were performed: squatting, flat bench press, free-arm and free-arm jumping, and medical ball throwing. Signal frequency, distance per stroke cycle, swim rate and mean velocity s-1 were taken into account for water testing. It was quantified through the correlation coefficients of Person (r). The results showed that distance per cycle and swim index were the variables most correlated with velocity and strength tests (p <0.01). Some significant correlations were found between the mean velocity and supine parameters (p <0.05). Thus, Study 2 sought to analyze the effects of eight weeks of dry land training combined with swimming training. The sample was divided into two groups: one experimental group (eleven swimmers) and one control group (nine swimmers). The experimental group underwent eight weeks of strength training. It has been found that strength combined with swimming training allows development of increased sprint performance in competitive swimmers. Also proving that the effect has a direct transfer to the improvement of the result in competition (95.1% improvement of individual income), hence the importance of research for sports planning.
Description
Keywords
Força Nadadores Universitários Competitivos Natação Performance Treino Combinado