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Abstract(s)
As energias renováveis apresentam-se cada vez mais como alternativas viáveis para a produção de energia. O caso da energia geotérmica não é exceção, havendo estudos que orientam que no futuro será uma das energias mais viáveis, com baixíssimos impactos ambientais e custos para a sua produção relativamente modestos em relação a outras formas de produção de energias alternativas.
Atualmente, em Portugal, desde pessoas singulares, de forma anónima, a instituições várias, demonstram grande empenho em arranjar alternativas aos processos clássicos de obtenção de energia por questões económicas e ambientais. Assim, interessa fazer estudos com detalhe sobre o potencial geotérmico a nível de todo o distrito da Guarda, que é rico em maciços graníticos com algumas nascentes de águas especiais, nomeadamente as águas sulfúreas termais, que desde logo orientam para um grande percurso em profundidade, deixando antever que antes de ressurgirem à superfície, estiveram em locais relativamente quentes.
Assim, neste trabalho apresentam-se os principais elementos geológicos dos maciços rochosos do distrito, o potencial hídrico de recarga e o inventário de vários pontos de águas subterrâneas especiais, em particular apresentam-se aqueles que estão associados a modelos geohidráulicos profundos, com as suas características físicas e químicas principais presentes em elementos da literatura. Efetua-se o tratamento de resultados de modo a avançar com as temperaturas das águas em reservatório e respetivas profundidades. Para as situações consideradas de maior interesse, apresenta-se o potencial energético existente e ainda alguns aspetos ambientais. Por fim, tecem-se algumas considerações finais, apresentam-se algumas conclusões, e avança-se com propostas de estudos futuros, de modo a comprovar alguns cenários que aqui são apresentados.
Renewable energies are increasingly viable alternatives for energy production. Geothermal energy is no exception, with many predicting studies indicating this will be one of the most viable types of energy, with very low environmental impact and relatively low costs, compared to other alternative forms of energy production. Currently, in Portugal, anonymous individuals as well as several institutions, have demonstrated great effort trying to find alternatives to the traditional energy obtaining processes, because their economical and environmental advantages. Therefore, detailed studies about geothermal potential are necessary in district of Guarda, due to its granitic massif vast extension containing special water springs, in particular sulphurous groundwater. This water composition suggests an extensive course in depth, which indicates this waters run in locations with relatively high temperatures. Thus, this research introduces the main geological elements in the district rocky massif, the recharge potential of groundwater and the inventory of special groundwater points, particularly those associated with profound geo-hydraulic models with their physic-chemical properties described in the literature. The results treatment allows the determination of geothermal reservoirs water temperatures as well as the respective depth. For the most relevant cases not only the energy potential is presented but also some other environmental aspects. At last, some final conclusions are drawn and future studies are proposed, in order to prove some of the presented scenarios.
Renewable energies are increasingly viable alternatives for energy production. Geothermal energy is no exception, with many predicting studies indicating this will be one of the most viable types of energy, with very low environmental impact and relatively low costs, compared to other alternative forms of energy production. Currently, in Portugal, anonymous individuals as well as several institutions, have demonstrated great effort trying to find alternatives to the traditional energy obtaining processes, because their economical and environmental advantages. Therefore, detailed studies about geothermal potential are necessary in district of Guarda, due to its granitic massif vast extension containing special water springs, in particular sulphurous groundwater. This water composition suggests an extensive course in depth, which indicates this waters run in locations with relatively high temperatures. Thus, this research introduces the main geological elements in the district rocky massif, the recharge potential of groundwater and the inventory of special groundwater points, particularly those associated with profound geo-hydraulic models with their physic-chemical properties described in the literature. The results treatment allows the determination of geothermal reservoirs water temperatures as well as the respective depth. For the most relevant cases not only the energy potential is presented but also some other environmental aspects. At last, some final conclusions are drawn and future studies are proposed, in order to prove some of the presented scenarios.
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Keywords
Águas Subterrâneas Sulfúreas Distrito da Guarda Energia Geotérmica Gradiente Geotérmico Potencial Geotérmico