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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Em 2011, foram introduzidos os novos critérios de diagnóstico para a
diabetes gestacional em Portugal. Constatou-se, desde então, uma duplicação da sua
incidência, sem se verificar uma melhoria dos seus eventos perinatais adversos. Apesar de
um adequado controlo glicémico ter como objetivo diminuir as complicações maternas e
perinatais, este parece ter também impacto na saúde mental das gestantes. A literatura
existente acerca da relação entre depressão, ansiedade e diabetes gestacional é controversa.
No entanto, de acordo com a nossa pesquisa, não foram encontrados estudos publicados em
Portugal que investigassem esta relação.
Objetivo: Pretende-se investigar a relação entre o risco de depressão e ansiedade em
grávidas diagnosticadas com diabetes gestacional, comparando-o com o de grávidas sem
diabetes gestacional, nas regiões Norte e Centro de Portugal.
Materiais e métodos: Realizou-se um estudo de coorte com grávidas no terceiro
trimestre de gestação que se dirigiram à consulta de obstetrícia do Centro Hospitalar de
Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Centro Hospitalar Tondela Viseu e Centro Hospitalar e
Universitário de Coimbra, abrangendo as suas duas maternidades: Maternidade Bissaya
Barreto e Maternidade Daniel de Matos. As colheitas de dados decorreram de 1 de setembro
de 2018 a 31 de janeiro de 2020 com recurso a um questionário que permitiu uma avaliação
sociodemográfica, obstétrica e dos antecedentes médicos pessoais. Para a caracterização
dos níveis de depressão e ansiedade, aplicou-se a versão reduzida da escala de rastreio de
depressão pós-parto (ERDP-24) e a escala de rastreio de ansiedade perinatal (ERAP),
respetivamente. Procedeu-se a uma análise descritiva e inferencial para comparar os grupos
com e sem diabetes gestacional em relação ao risco de depressão e ansiedade.
Resultados: O estudo incluiu 154 grávidas com diabetes gestacional e 329 sem diabetes
gestacional. O risco de depressão (p=0,163), de ansiedade patológica (p=0,661) e a
gravidade dos sintomas de ansiedade (p=0,990) não se relacionaram significativamente
com a diabetes gestacional.
Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a inexistência de uma associação entre
depressão e ansiedade na gravidez com o diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional. Em
investigações futuras, sugere-se a análise de amostras maiores que englobem gestantes
seguidas nos cuidados de saúde primários e, por isso, com um número mais reduzido de
complicações. Adicionalmente, recomenda-se a substituição de escalas de rastreio por diagnósticos clínicos e a inclusão de maior representatividade de alguns subgrupos, como
grávidas com níveis socioeconómicos mais baixos ou com insulinoterapia.
Introduction: In 2011, new criteria for gestational diabetes’ screening test were introduced in Portugal. Since then, the incidence of gestational diabetes doubled, without showing an improvement in perinatal adverse outcomes. Although an adequate glycemic control is supposed to reduce maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes, it seems to also have an impact on pregnant women’s mental health. The existing literature about the association between depression, anxiety and gestational diabetes is controversial. However, according to our research, we did not find any studies investigating this relation, in Portugal. Objective: The aim of this research is to investigate the association between the risk of depression and anxiety in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes, comparing it with the risk in pregnant women without gestational diabetes, in the North and Central regions of Portugal. Methods: A cohort study was conducted with pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy who went to an obstetrics consultation in Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro’s Hospital Center, Tondela-Viseu Hospital Center and Coimbra’s University Hospital Center, including its two maternities: Bissaya Barreto Maternity and Daniel de Matos Maternity. The data was collected between September 1, 2018 and January 31, 2020 by conducting a survey that allowed a sociodemographic, obstetric and previous personal medical history evaluation. To assess the depression and anxiety levels we used the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS-24) (short version) and the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed to compare the groups with and without gestational diabetes with the risk of depression and anxiety. Results: The study included 154 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 329 without gestational diabetes. The risk of depression (p=0.163), pathological anxiety (p=0.661) and the magnitude of the anxiety symptoms (p=0.990) were not significantly connected to gestational diabetes. Conclusion: The results indicated that there is not an association between depression and anxiety in pregnancy and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes. In future researches, we propose the analysis of larger samples that include pregnant women followed in primary healthcare centers and, therefore, with a smaller number of medical issues. Additionally, we recommend the replacement of screening scales with clinical diagnoses and the inclusion of a greater representativeness of some subgroups, such as pregnant women with lower socioeconomic backgrounds or with insulin therapy.
Introduction: In 2011, new criteria for gestational diabetes’ screening test were introduced in Portugal. Since then, the incidence of gestational diabetes doubled, without showing an improvement in perinatal adverse outcomes. Although an adequate glycemic control is supposed to reduce maternal and perinatal adverse outcomes, it seems to also have an impact on pregnant women’s mental health. The existing literature about the association between depression, anxiety and gestational diabetes is controversial. However, according to our research, we did not find any studies investigating this relation, in Portugal. Objective: The aim of this research is to investigate the association between the risk of depression and anxiety in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes, comparing it with the risk in pregnant women without gestational diabetes, in the North and Central regions of Portugal. Methods: A cohort study was conducted with pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy who went to an obstetrics consultation in Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro’s Hospital Center, Tondela-Viseu Hospital Center and Coimbra’s University Hospital Center, including its two maternities: Bissaya Barreto Maternity and Daniel de Matos Maternity. The data was collected between September 1, 2018 and January 31, 2020 by conducting a survey that allowed a sociodemographic, obstetric and previous personal medical history evaluation. To assess the depression and anxiety levels we used the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS-24) (short version) and the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed to compare the groups with and without gestational diabetes with the risk of depression and anxiety. Results: The study included 154 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 329 without gestational diabetes. The risk of depression (p=0.163), pathological anxiety (p=0.661) and the magnitude of the anxiety symptoms (p=0.990) were not significantly connected to gestational diabetes. Conclusion: The results indicated that there is not an association between depression and anxiety in pregnancy and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes. In future researches, we propose the analysis of larger samples that include pregnant women followed in primary healthcare centers and, therefore, with a smaller number of medical issues. Additionally, we recommend the replacement of screening scales with clinical diagnoses and the inclusion of a greater representativeness of some subgroups, such as pregnant women with lower socioeconomic backgrounds or with insulin therapy.
Description
Keywords
Ansiedade Depressão Diabetes Gestacional Gravidez