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A visão da mulher na obra romanesca de Eça de Queirós e de Machado de Assis
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Eça de Queirós (1845-1900) e Machado de Assis (1839-1908) representam, respetivamente, o expoente máximo do romance oitocentista português e brasileiro. Os paralelismos entre os dois prosadores radicam porventura no facto de ambos terem vivido na mesma época, a segunda metade do século XIX, fazendo ambos escola no realismo e no naturalismo com uma fase inicial romântica. Acresce a isto o facto de Eça e Machado serem figuras com igual peso nos respetivos países. Mas um estudo comparativista entre estes autores justifica-se, sobretudo, pelo fato de ambos focarem temáticas semelhantes, ainda que, como é óbvio, haja idiossincrasias a assinalar. Abordaremos aqui a visão da mulher na obra romanesca dos dois autores. Dentro da temática «da visão da mulher» iremos analisar o papel desempenhado por todas as personagens femininas, quer seja o relevo que alcançam (protagonistas, secundárias ou figurantes), quer sejam os papéis sociais que os autores lhes atribuem (mães, donas-de-casa, escritoras, amantes, empregadas domésticas, prostitutas, entre outros), quer sejam os papéis axiológicos que lhes são colados (heroínas, vítimas, vilãs ou anóminas). Curiosamente, os primeiros romances pertencem a movimentos estéticos diferentes: os de Machado inserem-se no romantismo, e os de Eça, no realismo. Será que a diferença desses movimentos altera a forma como os autores representam as suas primeiras personagens femininas? E se houver diferença, será que é assim tão relevante? E poderemos, por fim, deduzir a partir destas personagens femininas a visão que os autores em questão têm das mulheres?
Tendo em conta o tema por nós escolhido, o nosso método de trabalho será, necessariamente, o comparativismo. Isto significa que é necessário procurar os pontos de contacto entre os dois romancistas, vendo onde são semelhantes, mas também onde se distinguem.
Eça de Queirós (1845-1900) and Machado de Assis (1839-1908) represent, the maximum exponent of the nineteenth-century Portuguese and Brazilian novel, respectively. The resemblances between both prose writers are perhaps rooted in the fact that both have lived at the same time, the second half of the nineteenth century, in which they dwelled on realism and naturalism with an early romantic stage. Moreover, Eça and Machado were figures with equal weight in the respective countries. But a comparative study of these authors is mainly justified by the fact that both addressed a similar thematic, although, there are of course, idiosyncrasies to report. We will discuss the woman‘s view in both authors romantic work. Within the «woman‘s view» theme we will examine the role of all the female characters, whether the relief that they reach (as protagonists, secondary or extras), or the social roles the authors have attributed to them (mothers, housewife, writers, lovers, maids, prostitutes, etc.), or the axiological roles glued to them (heroes, victims, villains or axiologically dubious roles). Interestingly, the early novels belong to different aesthetic movements: Machado‘s fall within the romanticism, and Eça‘s on the realism. Does the difference of these movements changes the way the authors represent their first female characters? And if there is a difference, is it so important? And can we finally derive the considered authors‘ views on women from these female characters? Considering the chosen theme, our working method will necessarily be the comparativism. This means that it is necessary to seek for similar points between the two novelists, seeking which are similar, but also, which are unalike.
Eça de Queirós (1845-1900) and Machado de Assis (1839-1908) represent, the maximum exponent of the nineteenth-century Portuguese and Brazilian novel, respectively. The resemblances between both prose writers are perhaps rooted in the fact that both have lived at the same time, the second half of the nineteenth century, in which they dwelled on realism and naturalism with an early romantic stage. Moreover, Eça and Machado were figures with equal weight in the respective countries. But a comparative study of these authors is mainly justified by the fact that both addressed a similar thematic, although, there are of course, idiosyncrasies to report. We will discuss the woman‘s view in both authors romantic work. Within the «woman‘s view» theme we will examine the role of all the female characters, whether the relief that they reach (as protagonists, secondary or extras), or the social roles the authors have attributed to them (mothers, housewife, writers, lovers, maids, prostitutes, etc.), or the axiological roles glued to them (heroes, victims, villains or axiologically dubious roles). Interestingly, the early novels belong to different aesthetic movements: Machado‘s fall within the romanticism, and Eça‘s on the realism. Does the difference of these movements changes the way the authors represent their first female characters? And if there is a difference, is it so important? And can we finally derive the considered authors‘ views on women from these female characters? Considering the chosen theme, our working method will necessarily be the comparativism. This means that it is necessary to seek for similar points between the two novelists, seeking which are similar, but also, which are unalike.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Machado de Assis Eça de Queirós Personagem Feminino Visão