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Authors
Abstract(s)
Nos dias que em que hoje se vive, emergem de modo crescente e acelerado, alterações
profundas nos modos de produzir, consumir e viver. A globalização económica associada à
introdução de novas tecnologias e de novas formas de produção e trabalho acarretam
implicações na mão-de-obra, nas relações sociais de produção e nas condições de trabalho,
aumentando os riscos para os trabalhadores. Com efeito, a percepção das incapacidades e
limitações para terminar uma tarefa dentro de determinado prazo, gera um ambiente de stress
e conduz a um fraco desempenho profissional, aumentando as probabilidades de erro e
consequentemente de ocorrência de acidentes.
A presente dissertação tem como pano de fundo o estudo da problemática ligada à área da
Segurança, Higiene e Saúde no Trabalho (SHST) na indústria têxtil. Pretende contribuir com
um estudo relativo à análise da sinistralidade na indústria têxtil a nível nacional que permite
identificar as causas mais comuns da incidência dos acidentes de trabalho.
Adicionalmente, é efectuada uma avaliação dos riscos numa empresa em particular,
sedeada numa das regiões de Portugal com maior tradição na Indústria Têxtil, a Cova da
Beira. Esta análise inicia-se pela construção de uma ferramenta denominada Lista de
verificação, destinada a determinar todas as não conformidades existentes. São efectuadas
medições em termos do ruído e de iluminância. Relativamente à movimentação manual de
cargas é aplicado o método de NIOSH para as secções mais problemáticas, de forma a
determinar a existência de risco de lesões dorso lombares.
Após a identificação dos perigos, procede-se a uma avaliação dos riscos. A avaliação
consiste num processo de análise que permite caracterizar o fenómeno em presença, quanto à
sua origem, natureza e consequências nocivas na segurança do trabalho e na saúde dos
trabalhadores. É a partir deste processo que determinam as abordagens preventivas, no âmbito
de um planeamento adequado, face à situação diagnosticada.Assim, é elaborado um plano de melhoria em termos de SHST, onde são apresentadas as
medidas a seguir para minimizar os riscos determinados.
Os resultados da sinistralidade no caso prático são comparados com os dados a nível
nacional permitindo uma análise dos factores comuns, sendo apresentadas soluções de forma
a reduzir a sinistralidade nas empresas do sector através das medidas de prevenção
apresentadas na avaliação de riscos.
Nowadays, the modes of producing, consuming and living present deep changes and evolve rapidly. The economic globalisation associated with the introduction of new technologies and new ways of production and labour carry implications in the workforce, in the social relations of production and working conditions, increasing the risks to workers. Indeed, the perception of disability and limitations to complete a task within a certain timeframe creates an environment of stress and leads to a poor work performance, increasing the probability of errors and therefore the accidents ocurrence. This thesis is devoted to study problems associated with the field of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in the textile industry. It aims to contribute with a study on the analysis of accidents in the textile industry at the Portuguese national level, identifying the most common sources of the incidence of workplace accidents. Additionally, it was conducted a risk assessment on a company, located in one of the regions of Portugal with greatest tradition in textile industry, the Cova da Beira. This analysis started with the development of a tool called Verification List, to determine all the existing non-conformities. It was made measurements of noise and illumination. The manual handling of loads considers the application of the Niosh method to the most problematic sections in order to determine the existence of risk of injury. After the identification of the hazards, it is developed a risk assessment. The assessment is an analysis process to characterize the phenomenon in question, concerning its origin, nature and harmful consequences on the occupational safety and health of the workers. Based in the context of a proper planning, from this process are determined preventive approaches for the situation diagnosed. It is therefore prepared a plan for improvement in terms of OSH, in which are presented the measures to follow in order to minimise the evaluated risks. The results of accidents in the case study are compared with the national data allowing an analysis of common factors, presenting solutions to reduce the accidents in enterprises of the sector through measures of prevention presented at the risk assessment.
Nowadays, the modes of producing, consuming and living present deep changes and evolve rapidly. The economic globalisation associated with the introduction of new technologies and new ways of production and labour carry implications in the workforce, in the social relations of production and working conditions, increasing the risks to workers. Indeed, the perception of disability and limitations to complete a task within a certain timeframe creates an environment of stress and leads to a poor work performance, increasing the probability of errors and therefore the accidents ocurrence. This thesis is devoted to study problems associated with the field of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in the textile industry. It aims to contribute with a study on the analysis of accidents in the textile industry at the Portuguese national level, identifying the most common sources of the incidence of workplace accidents. Additionally, it was conducted a risk assessment on a company, located in one of the regions of Portugal with greatest tradition in textile industry, the Cova da Beira. This analysis started with the development of a tool called Verification List, to determine all the existing non-conformities. It was made measurements of noise and illumination. The manual handling of loads considers the application of the Niosh method to the most problematic sections in order to determine the existence of risk of injury. After the identification of the hazards, it is developed a risk assessment. The assessment is an analysis process to characterize the phenomenon in question, concerning its origin, nature and harmful consequences on the occupational safety and health of the workers. Based in the context of a proper planning, from this process are determined preventive approaches for the situation diagnosed. It is therefore prepared a plan for improvement in terms of OSH, in which are presented the measures to follow in order to minimise the evaluated risks. The results of accidents in the case study are compared with the national data allowing an analysis of common factors, presenting solutions to reduce the accidents in enterprises of the sector through measures of prevention presented at the risk assessment.
Description
Keywords
Indústria Têxtil - Segurança no trabalho Indústria Têxtil - Saúde ocupacional Indústria Têxtil - Sinistralidade no trabalho - Avaliação de riscos Higiene e segurança no trabalho
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Universidade da Beira Interior