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Aplicação da Norma IEC 61800-9-2:2023 a Acionamentos Elétricos Avançados de Velocidade Variável
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Nas últimas décadas, o mundo tem assistido a evoluções tecnológicas significativas que, de
forma inegável, contribuíram para a melhoria das condições de vida da humanidade. Este
progresso impulsionou a expansão industrial e, com ele, o aumento do consumo de energia
elétrica, sobretudo no setor industrial, suscitando diversas discussões em torno da
sustentabilidade do atual modelo de desenvolvimento industrial.
Estudos indicam que os motores elétricos são responsáveis por uma parcela significativa do
consumo de energia elétrica efetuado a nível global. Tal constatação impulsionou o debate
sobre estratégias de mitigação de perdas, entre as quais se destacam a utilização de motores
elétricos mais eficientes e a adoção generalizada de variadores de velocidade (variable
frequency drives - VFDs). A concretização dessas medidas requer não apenas o
desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, mas também a definição de métodos de avaliação de
desempenho fiáveis, que assegurem a adoção rápida e segura de novas tecnologias de
acionamentos elétricos.
Neste contexto, a Comissão Eletrotécnica Internacional (International Electrotechnical
Commission - IEC) desenvolveu a norma IEC 61800-9-2:2023, que estabelece métodos de
ensaio e sistemas de classificação para estes equipamentos. Contudo, a escassez de
informação científica relativa ao comportamento das novas tecnologias de motores elétricos
em diferentes perfis de carga e em condições industriais severas levanta dúvidas sobre a
fiabilidade da norma na sua avaliação e caracterização.
Com o intuito de contribuir para o esclarecimento desta questão, a presente dissertação
propõe-se a testar um sistema de acionamento elétrico de velocidade variável, constituído
por um motor síncrono de relutância assistido por ímanes permanentes (permanentmagnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor - PMa-SynRM), modelo Baldor ECTitanium e um conversor de frequência variável Yaskawa A1000, ambos disponíveis
comercialmente. Pretende-se, com tais testes, avaliar o grau de adequação da metodologia
estabelecida na norma IEC 61800-9-2:2023 quando aplicada a acionamentos elétricos
compostos por PMa-SynRM, comparando os resultados obtidos com os adquiridos por
estabilização térmica. Desta forma, será possível verificar a efetividade da norma na
caracterização de tecnologias de motores elétricos mais recentes.
In recent decades, the world has witnessed significant technological developments that have undeniably contributed to improve humanity’s living conditions. This progress has driven industrial expansion and, with it, the increase in electricity consumption, particularly in the industrial sector, raising numerous discussions around the sustainability of the current development model. Studies indicate that electric motors are responsible for a significant share of the worldwide electricity consumption. This finding has fueled the debate on strategies to mitigate losses, among which the use of more efficient electric motors and the widespread adoption of variable frequency drives (VFDs) stand out. The implementation of such measures requires not only the development of new technologies, but also the creation of reliable evaluation methods that ensure the fast and safe adoption of new motor drives technologies. In this context, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) developed the IEC 61800-9-2:2023 standard, which establishes testing methods and classification systems for such equipment. However, the lack of scientific data regarding the behavior of these new technologies under different load profiles and in harsh industrial conditions raises doubts about the effectiveness of the standard in their evaluation and characterization. Aiming to contribute towards the clarification of this issue, the present dissertation proposes to test a variable-speed electric drive system composed of a commercially available EC-Titanium permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) and a Yaskawa A1000 variable frequency drive. The purpose of these tests is to assess the degree of adequacy of the methodology established in IEC 61800-9-2:2023 when applied to electric drives composed of PMa-SynRM machines, by comparing the results obtained with those derived from thermal stabilization. In this way, it will be possible to verify the effectiveness of the standard in the characterization of more recent electric motor technologies.
In recent decades, the world has witnessed significant technological developments that have undeniably contributed to improve humanity’s living conditions. This progress has driven industrial expansion and, with it, the increase in electricity consumption, particularly in the industrial sector, raising numerous discussions around the sustainability of the current development model. Studies indicate that electric motors are responsible for a significant share of the worldwide electricity consumption. This finding has fueled the debate on strategies to mitigate losses, among which the use of more efficient electric motors and the widespread adoption of variable frequency drives (VFDs) stand out. The implementation of such measures requires not only the development of new technologies, but also the creation of reliable evaluation methods that ensure the fast and safe adoption of new motor drives technologies. In this context, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) developed the IEC 61800-9-2:2023 standard, which establishes testing methods and classification systems for such equipment. However, the lack of scientific data regarding the behavior of these new technologies under different load profiles and in harsh industrial conditions raises doubts about the effectiveness of the standard in their evaluation and characterization. Aiming to contribute towards the clarification of this issue, the present dissertation proposes to test a variable-speed electric drive system composed of a commercially available EC-Titanium permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) and a Yaskawa A1000 variable frequency drive. The purpose of these tests is to assess the degree of adequacy of the methodology established in IEC 61800-9-2:2023 when applied to electric drives composed of PMa-SynRM machines, by comparing the results obtained with those derived from thermal stabilization. In this way, it will be possible to verify the effectiveness of the standard in the characterization of more recent electric motor technologies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Acionamentos Elétricos de Velocidade Variável Eficiência Energética Iec 61800-9-2:2023 Motores Síncronos Normalização
Internacional