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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O placebo é um agente que potencia, no organismo, o benefício dum procedimento,
sendo que o efeito placebo decorre da sua atividade. Em Medicina, diz-se que há efeito
placebo, quando um sujeito responde com melhoria a uma substância ou ação, que se sabe
não ter qualquer efeito terapêutico para a condição específica a ser tratada. Assim, ele
poderá ser um aliado do médico e do paciente, para serem atingidas as metas terapêuticas
pretendidas.
Dos diferentes tipos de efeito placebo, o analgésico é dos mais extensamente
estudado. A compreensão das suas características psicobiológicas poderá, no futuro, ajudar a
desenvolver estratégias terapêuticas de combate a um dos maiores flagelos da sociedade: a
dor.
Existem muitos processos neuroquímicos envolvidos no desenvolvimento do efeito
placebo analgésico. Neste estudo de revisão serão abordados os papéis centrais que têm os
opioides endógenos nesse fenómeno.
Posteriormente, iremos discutir a relação existente entre os opioides endógenos e o
efeito placebo analgésico. A sua compreensão será apresentada mediante a análise de
estudos farmacológicos e imagiológicos, dando especial destaque aos mecanismos
neurofisiológicos supra-espinhais.
In an organism, the placebo is an agent that potentiates a beneficiary activity of a procedure. In Medicine, it is said that there is a placebo effect, when an individual responds to a procedure which is known to have no therapeutic effect for the specific condition to be treated. Considering this, the placebo may help the physician and the patient to achieve the desired therapeutic goals. Among the different placebo effects, the analgesic is one of the most profoundly studied. The comprehension of its psychobiological characteristics may, in the future, aid in the development of therapeutic strategies to combat one of the biggest scourges in our society: pain. There are many neurochemical processes involved in the development of the analgesic placebo effect. In this review, the main roles of the endogenous opioids in this phenomenon will be approached. Forwardly, we will discuss the connection between endogenous opioids and analgesic placebo effect. Its comprehension will be presented by an analysis of pharmacological and imagiologic studies, emphasizing the supraspinal neurophysiological mechanisms.
In an organism, the placebo is an agent that potentiates a beneficiary activity of a procedure. In Medicine, it is said that there is a placebo effect, when an individual responds to a procedure which is known to have no therapeutic effect for the specific condition to be treated. Considering this, the placebo may help the physician and the patient to achieve the desired therapeutic goals. Among the different placebo effects, the analgesic is one of the most profoundly studied. The comprehension of its psychobiological characteristics may, in the future, aid in the development of therapeutic strategies to combat one of the biggest scourges in our society: pain. There are many neurochemical processes involved in the development of the analgesic placebo effect. In this review, the main roles of the endogenous opioids in this phenomenon will be approached. Forwardly, we will discuss the connection between endogenous opioids and analgesic placebo effect. Its comprehension will be presented by an analysis of pharmacological and imagiologic studies, emphasizing the supraspinal neurophysiological mechanisms.
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Keywords
Analgesia Efeito Placebo Farmacologia Imagiologia Opioides Endógenos