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Background & aims: The objective of the present study was to determine, for the first time, the
prevalence and clinical features of food allergy in Portuguese adolescents.
Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in various secondary schools in central Portugal.
Randomly selected adolescents replied to a validated food allergy questionnaire. Those who reported an adverse food reaction were seen at participating hospitals, where clinical history was
taken, skin prick (SPT) and prick-prick skin (SPPT) tests were performed, and food allergen-specific
IgE levels (sIgE) were determined. An open oral challenge was performed in selected cases. Cases
of positive clinical history of immediate (up to 2 h after ingestion) reaction in association with
positive food sIgE levels and/or SPT were classified as IgE-associated probable food allergy and as
confirmed IgE-mediated food allergy if food challenges were positive. Cases of positive clinical
history of delayed (more than 2 h after ingestion) and negative food sIgE levels independently of
positive SPT or SPPT results, were classified as non-IgE associated probable food allergy.
Results: The prevalence of probable food allergy in Portuguese adolescents was 1.41% (95% CI:
0.90–2.03%), with fresh fruits, shellfish, nuts, and peanut as the most frequently implicated foods.
IgE-mediated probable food allergy occurred in 1.23% (95% CI: 0.67–1.72%) of cases, with fresh
fruits, shellfish, and nuts mainly involved. Cutaneous symptoms were most frequently reported.
Conclusions: The prevalence of probable food allergies in Portuguese adolescents is low, is
mostly related to fresh fruits, shellfish, nuts, and peanut, and most frequently involves cutaneous
symptoms.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adolescents Adverse food reaction Food allergy Prevalence Cutaneous tests Open food challenge