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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento da população é um fenómeno que tem ocorrido a nível mundial e a um ritmo acelerado. O envelhecimento encontra-se associado a perdas em vários domínios, nomeadamente o cognitivo e o físico. A atividade física e o funcionamento cognitivo encontram-se relacionados, podendo ser promovidos de forma conjunta ou separada através de diferentes estratégias como forma de melhorar a qualidade de vida com que se envelhece. Este estudo insere-se, no projeto Interdisciplinary Challenges On Neurodegeneration (ICON- CICS & UBI) e pretende avaliar o funcionamento cognitivo, caracterizar a atividade física e analisar a relação entre estas duas dimensões numa amostra de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Participaram no estudo 91 idosos institucionalizados, 67 (73,6%) do sexo feminino e 24 (26,4%) do sexo masculino, com idades compreendidas entre 66 e 101 (M=82.32; DP=7.09). Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) e o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).
Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam que os idosos institucionalizados apresentam baixos níveis de atividade física, 2 pessoas (2.2%) praticam atividade física vigorosa, 12 (13.2%) realizam atividade física moderada, 24 (26.4%) atividade física leve (caminhada) e as restantes 56 pessoas (61.5%) não realizam atividade física. Quanto à cognição, 24 (26.4%) apresentam défice cognitivo e 67 (73.6%) não têm défice.
Os resultados apontam para a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos domínios da Atenção e Orientação (U=0.009; p=.01), Linguagem (U=0.012; p<.05), Memória (U=0.036; p<.05) e no ACE-R Total (U=0.013; p<.05) entre participantes do sexo feminino e masculino, sendo que os homens apresentam um melhor desempenho. Os resultados mostram uma correlação muito fraca ou praticamente nula, entre o domínio da Atenção e Orientação e o tempo que o idoso caminha por dia (r=.272; p<.05); no domínio Visuoespacial e dias por semana que caminha durante 10 minutos (r=.321; p<.01); no domínio Visuoespacial e o número de horas sentado durante a semana e o fim de semana (r=-.226; p<.05) e entre o domínio da Memória e o tempo que caminha por dia (r=.405; p<.01).
Os resultados deste estudo destacam os baixos níveis de atividade física dos idosos institucionalizados e indicam a existência de uma relação que é estatisticamente significativa, entre a atividade física e alguns domínios da cognição (memória e visuoespacial). Neste sentido, estes resultados alertam para os baixos níveis de atividade física dos participantes, e sugerem que poderá existir uma relação entre o funcionamento cognitivo e a atividade física.
Population aging is a phenomenon that has occurred globally and at a rapid pace. Aging is associated with losses in several domains, namely cognitive and physical. Physical activity and cognitive functioning are related and can be promoted jointly or separately through different strategies to improve the quality of life with which they grow older. This study is part of the Interdisciplinary Challenges On Neurodegeneration project (ICON-CICS & UBI) project and aims to evaluate cognitive functioning, characterize physical activity and analyze the relationship between these two dimensions in a sample of institutionalized elderly people. The study included 91 institutionalized elderly, 67 (73.6%) female and 24 (26.4%) male, 66 to 101 (M=82.32, SD=7.09). The instruments used were Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The results of this study show that the institutionalized elderly have low levels of physical activity, 2 people (2.2%) practice vigorous physical activity, 12 (13.2%) carry out moderate physical activity, 24 (26.4%) light physical activity (walking) and the remaining 56 people (61.5%) do not engage in physical activity. Regarding cognition, 24 (26.4%) had cognitive deficit and 67 (73.6%) had no deficit. The results point to the existence of statistically significant differences in the domains of Attention and Guidance (U=0.009, p=.01), Language (U=0.012, p<.05), Memory (U=0.036, p<.05) and in ACE-R Total (U=0.013; p<.05) among female and male participants, with men performing better. The results show a very weak or almost null correlation between the Attention and Guidance domain and the time the elderly walk per day (r=.272; p<.05); in the Visuospatial domain and days per week walking for 10 minutes (r=.321; p<.01); in the Visuospatial domain and the number of hours seated during the week and the weekend (r= -.226; p<.05) and between the Memory domain and the time that walks per day (r= .405; p<.01). The results of this study highlight the low levels of institutionalized elderly physical activity and indicate the existence of a relationship that is statistically significant between physical activity and some domains of cognition (memory and visuospatial). In this sense, these results alert to the low levels of physical activity of the participants and suggest that there may be a relationship between cognitive functioning and physical activity.
Population aging is a phenomenon that has occurred globally and at a rapid pace. Aging is associated with losses in several domains, namely cognitive and physical. Physical activity and cognitive functioning are related and can be promoted jointly or separately through different strategies to improve the quality of life with which they grow older. This study is part of the Interdisciplinary Challenges On Neurodegeneration project (ICON-CICS & UBI) project and aims to evaluate cognitive functioning, characterize physical activity and analyze the relationship between these two dimensions in a sample of institutionalized elderly people. The study included 91 institutionalized elderly, 67 (73.6%) female and 24 (26.4%) male, 66 to 101 (M=82.32, SD=7.09). The instruments used were Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The results of this study show that the institutionalized elderly have low levels of physical activity, 2 people (2.2%) practice vigorous physical activity, 12 (13.2%) carry out moderate physical activity, 24 (26.4%) light physical activity (walking) and the remaining 56 people (61.5%) do not engage in physical activity. Regarding cognition, 24 (26.4%) had cognitive deficit and 67 (73.6%) had no deficit. The results point to the existence of statistically significant differences in the domains of Attention and Guidance (U=0.009, p=.01), Language (U=0.012, p<.05), Memory (U=0.036, p<.05) and in ACE-R Total (U=0.013; p<.05) among female and male participants, with men performing better. The results show a very weak or almost null correlation between the Attention and Guidance domain and the time the elderly walk per day (r=.272; p<.05); in the Visuospatial domain and days per week walking for 10 minutes (r=.321; p<.01); in the Visuospatial domain and the number of hours seated during the week and the weekend (r= -.226; p<.05) and between the Memory domain and the time that walks per day (r= .405; p<.01). The results of this study highlight the low levels of institutionalized elderly physical activity and indicate the existence of a relationship that is statistically significant between physical activity and some domains of cognition (memory and visuospatial). In this sense, these results alert to the low levels of physical activity of the participants and suggest that there may be a relationship between cognitive functioning and physical activity.
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Keywords
Atividade Física Cognição Envelhecimento Icon Institucionalização