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Introdução e objetivos: Em Portugal, uma parte dos estudantes que ingressam nas faculdades de Medicina tem uma formação superior prévia. São utilizados diferentes métodos para selecionar esses alunos. Na FCS-UBI, desde 2007/2008 até 2010/2011, os métodos de seleção incluíam uma Prova de Conhecimentos sobre Biologia, Física, Química e Matemática. No entanto, esta ferramenta foi substituída. Desde 2011/2012, passou a ser utilizada uma Prova de Aptidões Cognitivas. O propósito deste estudo é, em primeiro lugar, comparar o desempenho académico dos estudantes que ingressaram no curso de Medicina através do concurso especial para acesso ao curso de Medicina por titulares de licenciatura (CEACMTL) com o daqueles que ingressaram através do concurso nacional de acesso (CNA); em segundo lugar, verificar se existem diferenças no desempenho académico entre os alunos selecionados através da Prova de Conhecimentos e a Prova de Aptidões Cognitivas; e, por fim, perceber se algum dos métodos de seleção prediz os resultados académicos no 1º e o no 4º anos de faculdade.
Métodos: Foram analisadas sete coortes do 1º ano (N=1066) e quatro coortes do 4º ano (N=480), tanto de estudantes que ingressaram através do CEACMTL como através do CNA, cujo ingresso tenha acontecido entre os anos letivos de 2007/2008 e de 2014/2015. Foram recolhidas as classificações de admissão (Prova de Conhecimentos e Prova de Aptidões Cognitivas) e os resultados obtidos durante o 1º e o 4º anos. Estes dados foram analisados recorrendo à ANOVA e à Correlação de Pearson.
Resultados: Os estudantes do CEACMTL, selecionados tanto através da Prova de Conhecimentos como através da Prova de Aptidões Cognitivas, obtiveram melhores resultados académicos do que os estudantes do CNA, tanto no 1º como no 4º anos. Esta diferença é, no entanto, mais evidente relativamente aos alunos que realizaram a Prova de Conhecimentos. Nem a Prova de Conhecimentos nem a Prova de Aptidões Cognitivas revelaram ter significância estatística como preditores de desempenho académico.
Conclusão: Os métodos de seleção dos estudantes do CEACMTL não são consensuais e são necessárias mais investigações, por forma a reunir evidências relativamente à validade dos métodos de seleção de estudantes de Medicina como preditores de sucesso académico.
Introduction and objectives: In Portugal, medical schools admit a number of students who has a previous graduation. Diverse methods are used to select those students. At FHS-UBI, from 2007/2008 until 2010/2011, a knowledge test in Biology, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics were used as part of the selection criteria. However, this tool was substituted. Since 2011/2012, a cognitive aptitude test is used. The aim of this study is, first, to compare applicants’ performance selected by CEACMTL and by CNA; second, to compare applicants’ performance selected by the knowledge test and the cognitive aptitude test; and, at last, to identify whether those selection tools predict 1st and 4th years outcomes in medical school. Methods: Seven cohorts (N=1066) of 1st year and four cohorts (N=480) of 4th year medical students, both from CEACMTL and CNA entry groups (from 2007/2008 to 2014/2015) were analyzed. Test admission scores (knowledge test and cognitive aptitude test) and 1st and 4th years scores were collected. Data was analyzed using ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Graduate applicants selected over the knowledge test and the cognitive aptitude test appear to have better performance in Year 1 and in Year 4, when compared with non-graduate applicants. However, this difference is more evident when students are selected by the knowledge test. Neither the cognitive aptitude test nor the knowledge test were statistically significant predictors of examinations scores. Conclusion: Graduate-entry selection methods are not consensual and further research is needed to gather evidence about the validity of selection methods in medical education as predictors of success in medical school.
Introduction and objectives: In Portugal, medical schools admit a number of students who has a previous graduation. Diverse methods are used to select those students. At FHS-UBI, from 2007/2008 until 2010/2011, a knowledge test in Biology, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics were used as part of the selection criteria. However, this tool was substituted. Since 2011/2012, a cognitive aptitude test is used. The aim of this study is, first, to compare applicants’ performance selected by CEACMTL and by CNA; second, to compare applicants’ performance selected by the knowledge test and the cognitive aptitude test; and, at last, to identify whether those selection tools predict 1st and 4th years outcomes in medical school. Methods: Seven cohorts (N=1066) of 1st year and four cohorts (N=480) of 4th year medical students, both from CEACMTL and CNA entry groups (from 2007/2008 to 2014/2015) were analyzed. Test admission scores (knowledge test and cognitive aptitude test) and 1st and 4th years scores were collected. Data was analyzed using ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Graduate applicants selected over the knowledge test and the cognitive aptitude test appear to have better performance in Year 1 and in Year 4, when compared with non-graduate applicants. However, this difference is more evident when students are selected by the knowledge test. Neither the cognitive aptitude test nor the knowledge test were statistically significant predictors of examinations scores. Conclusion: Graduate-entry selection methods are not consensual and further research is needed to gather evidence about the validity of selection methods in medical education as predictors of success in medical school.
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Keywords
Concurso Especial Para Licenciados Desempenho Académico Educação Médica. Medicina Seleção Validade Preditiva