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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Febre Q é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial provocada pela bactéria
Coxiella burnetii (C.burnetii). Desde 1999, a doença é de notificação obrigatória em
Portugal. Embora frequentemente assintomática, a febre Q aguda pode manifestar-se como
uma síndrome febril autolimitada ou cursar com manifestações hepáticas ou pulmonares
inespecíficas. Após a infeção primária sintomática ou assintomática pode surgir uma
infeção focalizada persistente. O surto de febre Q nos Países Baixos entre 2007 e 2010 veio
realçar a necessidade de implementar medidas veterinárias preventivas e de vigilância
epidemiológica.
Objetivo: Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo investigar e transmitir os
conhecimentos atuais sobre a Febre Q, abordando aspetos epidemiológicos, clínicos,
diagnósticos e terapêuticos da doença.
Métodos: A pesquisa de informação para realização desta revisão bibliográfica foi levada
a cabo nas bases de dados PubMed e UpToDate. Foram reunidos ensaios clínicos, metaanálises, estudos observacionais e revisões simples e sistemáticas escritos nos idiomas
inglês ou português, publicados de 2005 a dezembro de 2021. Foram igualmente
consultadas guidelines e o website do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),
da Communicable Diseases Network Australia (CDNA) e relatórios epidemiológicos da
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) e da Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS).
Conclusão: Os profissionais de saúde devem também estar sensibilizados para as
particularidades desta zoonose. Destaca-se a necessidade de realizar uma história clínica
cuidada tanto na suspeita como após confirmação do diagnóstico de febre Q, com vista a
esclarecer o contexto epidemiológico e excluir fatores de risco para infeção focalizada
persistente. A vigilância e a comunicação dos casos confirmados às entidades de saúde são
essenciais na prevenção da doença e permitirão compreender melhor o seu padrão
epidemiológico, uma vez que esta é atualmente subnotificada em Portugal.
Introduction: Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii (C.burnetii). Q fever is a notifiable disease in Portugal since 1999. Although frequently asymptomatic, acute Q fever can present as a self-limited flu-like illness or cause nonspecific hepatic or pulmonary manifestations. A persistent focalized infection can also develop following symptomatic or asymptomatic primary infection. The Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010 has shown the need to implement veterinary and epidemiological surveillance measures. Objective: The purpose of this monograph is to investigate and present updated knowledge on Q fever, reviewing epidemiological data, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the disease. Methods: The bibliographic research was performed using the PubMed and UpToDate databases. Randomized clinical trials, meta-analysis, observational studies, simple and systematic reviews published between 2005 and december 2021 written in portuguese or english were gathered. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) guidelines, the Communicable Diseases Network Australia’s (CDNA) guidelines and epidemiological reports by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS) were also reviewed. Conclusion: Healthcare workers ought to be aware of this zoonosis’s features. The need to obtain a detailed medical history when suspecting or after confirming a case should be highlighted, with the purpose of clarifying the epidemiological context and assessing risk factors for persistent focalized infection. Surveillance and confirmed case communication to healthcare authorities are key components of disease prevention and will allow better understanding of its epidemiological pattern, since the disease is currently underreported in Portugal.
Introduction: Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii (C.burnetii). Q fever is a notifiable disease in Portugal since 1999. Although frequently asymptomatic, acute Q fever can present as a self-limited flu-like illness or cause nonspecific hepatic or pulmonary manifestations. A persistent focalized infection can also develop following symptomatic or asymptomatic primary infection. The Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010 has shown the need to implement veterinary and epidemiological surveillance measures. Objective: The purpose of this monograph is to investigate and present updated knowledge on Q fever, reviewing epidemiological data, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the disease. Methods: The bibliographic research was performed using the PubMed and UpToDate databases. Randomized clinical trials, meta-analysis, observational studies, simple and systematic reviews published between 2005 and december 2021 written in portuguese or english were gathered. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) guidelines, the Communicable Diseases Network Australia’s (CDNA) guidelines and epidemiological reports by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS) were also reviewed. Conclusion: Healthcare workers ought to be aware of this zoonosis’s features. The need to obtain a detailed medical history when suspecting or after confirming a case should be highlighted, with the purpose of clarifying the epidemiological context and assessing risk factors for persistent focalized infection. Surveillance and confirmed case communication to healthcare authorities are key components of disease prevention and will allow better understanding of its epidemiological pattern, since the disease is currently underreported in Portugal.
Description
Keywords
Coxiella Burnetii Diagnóstico Epidemiologia Febre Q Aguda Infeção Focalizada Persistente Tratamento