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Abstract(s)
Introdução e objetivo: As reações cutâneas adversas a fármacos são comuns. Fatores como a idade, a existência de comorbilidades e a polimedicação influenciam o risco do seu desenvolvimento. Esta patologia cutânea pode manifestar-se por sinais/sintomas sobreponíveis a outras patologias dermatológicas, tornando-se, na maioria das vezes, difícil estabelecer um diagnóstico correto e identificar concretamente o agente responsável pela sua ocorrência. Habitualmente, o seu diagnóstico é feito com base numa história clínica detalhada, considerando-se a suspensão do fármaco supostamente responsável pela reação cutânea a atitude terapêutica mais importante e efectiva. O presente trabalho de investigação tem como objetivo primordial estudar as toxidermias medicamentosas, ocorridas entre janeiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2014, na Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados de Belmonte, parte integrante do Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde da Cova da Beira.
Métodos: Executou -se um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo observacional. Em primeiro lugar obtiveram-se as listagens dos utentes, por problemas, através do MIM@UF. Posteriormente procedeu-se à recolha dos dados, através da consulta de processos clínicos, com base nos registos de consulta SOAP.
Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 38 utentes. As reações cutâneas adversas a farmácos foram mais frequentes em mulheres, sendo a média de idades dos utentes 42,1 anos. A maioria das reações foi originada por um fármaco usado há menos de uma semana atrás, sendo os antibacterianos o grupo de fármacos mais frequentemente responsável pelas mesmas (45%). Manifestações clínicas características de EM foram encontradas na maioria dos utentes. O diagnóstico da patologia em causa fez-se, sobretudo, com base na clínica, tendo todos os fármacos suspeitos sido suspensos.
Conclusão: As reações adversas a fármacos constituirão sempre uma consequência indesejada de toda a terapêutica médica, uma vez que poucos serão os agentes terapêuticos que podem produzir efeitos benéficos sem ter também o potencial para causar efeitos adversos. No entanto, se os clínicos souberem exatamente as perguntas que têm que fazer ao doente, por forma a identificar a presença e o tipo de reação cutânea adversa, tendo em conta as manifestações clínicas e o agente causador, conseguirão realizar a abordagem terapêutica inicial mais adequada. Desta forma, conseguir–se-á prevenir o acontecimento de tais reações no futuro, controlando e corrigindo os fatores que influenciam o seu desenvolvimento. Salienta-se a importância que a notificação, por parte dos médicos, assume na ocorrência de todas as reações adversas a medicamentos.
Introduction and objective: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are common (CADR). The risk of their development can be influenced by factors as age, existence of comorbidities and polypharmacy. This pathology may manifest by signs or symptoms identical of those of other dermatological conditions, so, in most cases, it is difficult to establish the correct diagnosis and to identify the specific responsible agente. Usually, this diagnosis is established based on a detailed medical history and the most important and effective therapeutic approach is the interruption of the drug thought to be responsible by reaction cutaneous. The prime aim of this researching work is to study the drug toxicodermias occured from january 2009 untill december 2014, in Belmonte’s primary health care unit, which is part of Cova da Beira’ ACeS. Methods: This is an observational and retrospective epidemiological study. First, the lists of patients, according to the medical condition, were obtained through MIM@UF. Then, the data were collected using the clinical files, based on SOAP entries. Results: The sample consists of 38 pacients. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are more frequent in women and the mean age of patients is 42,1 years. Most of the reactions were caused by a drug used for less than a week and antibacterial drugs were the most common drugs responsible for them (45%). Maculopapular rash’s clinical manifestations were found in the most of patients. The diagnosis was established, mostly, based on medical history, having all suspected drugs were suspended. Conclusion: Adverse drug reactions will always be an unwanted result of medical drugs because there are few therapeutic agentes that can only produce beneficial effects without having the potential to cause adverse effects. However, if the doctors ask the right questions to the patients, in order to identify the presence and the type of the cutaneous adverse reaction, based on the clinical manifestations and the responsible drug, they will be able to perform the best initial therapeutic approach. Thus, it will be possible to prevent such reactions in the future, by controling and correcting the factors that contribute to their development. It is important to underline the relevance of the notification, by the doctors, of every adverse drug reactions.
Introduction and objective: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are common (CADR). The risk of their development can be influenced by factors as age, existence of comorbidities and polypharmacy. This pathology may manifest by signs or symptoms identical of those of other dermatological conditions, so, in most cases, it is difficult to establish the correct diagnosis and to identify the specific responsible agente. Usually, this diagnosis is established based on a detailed medical history and the most important and effective therapeutic approach is the interruption of the drug thought to be responsible by reaction cutaneous. The prime aim of this researching work is to study the drug toxicodermias occured from january 2009 untill december 2014, in Belmonte’s primary health care unit, which is part of Cova da Beira’ ACeS. Methods: This is an observational and retrospective epidemiological study. First, the lists of patients, according to the medical condition, were obtained through MIM@UF. Then, the data were collected using the clinical files, based on SOAP entries. Results: The sample consists of 38 pacients. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are more frequent in women and the mean age of patients is 42,1 years. Most of the reactions were caused by a drug used for less than a week and antibacterial drugs were the most common drugs responsible for them (45%). Maculopapular rash’s clinical manifestations were found in the most of patients. The diagnosis was established, mostly, based on medical history, having all suspected drugs were suspended. Conclusion: Adverse drug reactions will always be an unwanted result of medical drugs because there are few therapeutic agentes that can only produce beneficial effects without having the potential to cause adverse effects. However, if the doctors ask the right questions to the patients, in order to identify the presence and the type of the cutaneous adverse reaction, based on the clinical manifestations and the responsible drug, they will be able to perform the best initial therapeutic approach. Thus, it will be possible to prevent such reactions in the future, by controling and correcting the factors that contribute to their development. It is important to underline the relevance of the notification, by the doctors, of every adverse drug reactions.
Description
Keywords
Cova da Beira. Erupção Por Droga Estudo Epidemiológico Hipersensibilidade A Fármacos Reações Cutâneas Adversas A Fármacos