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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação, que representa a etapa final na obtenção do grau de Mestre em
Ciências Farmacêuticas, encontra-se dividida em dois capítulos. O primeiro diz respeito
ao trabalho de investigação realizado sobre a Canábis para fins terapêuticos, sob
orientação da Professora Doutora Ana Paula Duarte. O segundo descreve a experiência
obtida durante o estágio em Farmácia Comunitária, realizado na Farmácia Latina, na
cidade de Lisboa e sob supervisão do Dr. Manuel Lopes e Dra. Vânia Ferreira.
A utilização da Canábis data há já imensos séculos na história da humanidade, tendo a
sua utilização, quer para fins recreativos quer para fins terapêuticos, sido referida na
história chinesa e egípcia. A sua utilização para fins medicinais foi ganhando alguns
adeptos até que a sua classificação como sendo uma droga sem uso terapêutico, na
Convenção Única Sobre Estupefacientes de 1961, levou a uma diminuição da sua
utilização. No entanto, a descoberta do sistema endocanabinóide, no início dos anos 90,
levou a que ressurgisse o interesse nesta planta para fins medicinais.
Desde então, o conhecimento acerca dos componentes da canábis tem sido aprofundado,
bem como o seu benefício terapêutico para diversas patologias, nas quais os doentes não
conseguem alcançar resultados terapêuticos satisfatórios com terapia convencional. Este
benefício terapêutico já foi confirmado e demonstrado em algumas patologias tendo,
inclusivamente, resultado na aprovação de alguns medicamentos como o Sativex,
Cesamet, Marinol e Syndros e o Epidiolex. Para outras tantas patologias, e apesar do
potencial terapêutico ser promissor, é necessário que sejam desenvolvidos mais estudos
randomizados controlados (RCT’s) de modo a aumentar a robustez científica, abrindo
assim portas para a aprovação de mais medicamentos à base desta planta.
A nível regulamentar e legislativo existe ainda uma grande discrepância entre os
diferentes países a nível Europeu, que se traduz num difícil acesso equitativo aos
medicamentos, preparações e substâncias à base de canábis, por parte dos pacientes.
Esta discrepância pede por uma homogeneização que facilite este acesso, sendo também
necessária uma classificação diferente desta planta nas Convenções de modo a facilitar a
sua comercialização para fins terapêuticos. O capítulo 2, refere todas as funções desempenhadas ao longo do estágio curricular
realizado em Farmácia Comunitária na Farmácia Latina que decorreu entre 16 de
setembro de 2019 a 31 de janeiro de 2020. Neste capítulo é descrita toda a realidade
experienciada ao longo deste período, desde a organização da farmácia até às
competências técnicas desenvolvidas no contacto com o utente e ainda toda a parte
financeira e de gestão da farmácia, a qual constitui um dos pilares da realidade
farmacêutica nos dias de hoje.
This work that represents the final step of becoming a Master on Pharmaceutical Sciences is divided into two major parts. The first one refers to the investigation work that deals with the study of Cannabis for therapeutic purposes, under supervision of Professor Ana Paula Duarte, PhD. The second one, describes the experience gained during the curricular internship on Community Pharmacy that took place at “Farmácia Latina” in the city of Lisbon under the supervision of the technical director Mr. Manuel Lopes, PharmaD and the Mrs. Vânia Ferreira, PharmaD. The use of Cannabis has been present for many centuries in the history of Humanity. Either for recreational or medical purposes its use dates back to the history of the Chinese and Egyptian empires. Cannabis for medical purposes gained a lot of attention through the years until it was classified as a drug without medical use under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs in 1961. However, the discovery of the endocannabinoid system in the humans in the 90’s, led to an increasing interest of both the scientific community and the patients on this plant. Meanwhile, there has been a deepening of the knowledge about this plant and its components as well as its therapeutic benefits for a large diversity of diseases, on which the patients cannot achieve proper therapeutic results with the conventional therapies. This benefit has been confirmed in a few diseases, that led to the approval of some medicines like Sativex, Cesamet, Marinol, Syndros and Epydiolex. On the other hand, there are other diseases on which the potential of this plant was barely demonstrated and therefore it needs to undergo through more randomized controlled trials in order to provide physicians with more consistent evidence. These can be the gateway to new Cannabis-based medicines. Concerning regulatory and legal issues there is still a huge gap among countries in Europe which translates into an unequal accessibility to the medication by the patients. This gap asks for some harmonization among countries with the final goal of having an easier and more equal access to this type of medication. It is also necessary a different classification of the Cannabis plant regarding the Conventions in order to ease its process of trading for medical purposes. Chapter 2 refers to all the tasks and duties done during the curricular internship in Community Pharmacy that took place at “Farmácia Latina” from the 16th September 2019 till the 31st January 2020. It describes the reality of the daily routine within the pharmacy as well as all the technical skills required to interact with the patients and also the economic and financial management of the pharmacy.
This work that represents the final step of becoming a Master on Pharmaceutical Sciences is divided into two major parts. The first one refers to the investigation work that deals with the study of Cannabis for therapeutic purposes, under supervision of Professor Ana Paula Duarte, PhD. The second one, describes the experience gained during the curricular internship on Community Pharmacy that took place at “Farmácia Latina” in the city of Lisbon under the supervision of the technical director Mr. Manuel Lopes, PharmaD and the Mrs. Vânia Ferreira, PharmaD. The use of Cannabis has been present for many centuries in the history of Humanity. Either for recreational or medical purposes its use dates back to the history of the Chinese and Egyptian empires. Cannabis for medical purposes gained a lot of attention through the years until it was classified as a drug without medical use under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs in 1961. However, the discovery of the endocannabinoid system in the humans in the 90’s, led to an increasing interest of both the scientific community and the patients on this plant. Meanwhile, there has been a deepening of the knowledge about this plant and its components as well as its therapeutic benefits for a large diversity of diseases, on which the patients cannot achieve proper therapeutic results with the conventional therapies. This benefit has been confirmed in a few diseases, that led to the approval of some medicines like Sativex, Cesamet, Marinol, Syndros and Epydiolex. On the other hand, there are other diseases on which the potential of this plant was barely demonstrated and therefore it needs to undergo through more randomized controlled trials in order to provide physicians with more consistent evidence. These can be the gateway to new Cannabis-based medicines. Concerning regulatory and legal issues there is still a huge gap among countries in Europe which translates into an unequal accessibility to the medication by the patients. This gap asks for some harmonization among countries with the final goal of having an easier and more equal access to this type of medication. It is also necessary a different classification of the Cannabis plant regarding the Conventions in order to ease its process of trading for medical purposes. Chapter 2 refers to all the tasks and duties done during the curricular internship in Community Pharmacy that took place at “Farmácia Latina” from the 16th September 2019 till the 31st January 2020. It describes the reality of the daily routine within the pharmacy as well as all the technical skills required to interact with the patients and also the economic and financial management of the pharmacy.
Description
Keywords
Benefício Terapêutico Canábis Para Fins Terapêuticos Estudos Randomizados Controlados Farmácia Comunitária Nível Regulamentar e Legislativo