| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 506.6 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo é uma perturbação do
neurodesenvolvimento, caracterizada por défices na comunicação social e comportamentos
e interesses restritos e repetitivos, podendo associar-se com frequência a problemas
alimentares. É uma doença crónica e multifatorial, não estando completamente elucidado
o seu processo fisiopatológico. A sua prevalência tem aumentado nos últimos anos e,
normalmente o diagnóstico faz-se nos primeiros três anos de vida, sendo mais prevalente
no género masculino. Problemas alimentares, como a seletividade alimentar, podem
restringir o consumo de certos grupos alimentares e estão frequentemente associados a
consumos nutricionais inadequados, sendo uma das preocupações mais relatadas pelos
cuidadores.
Objetivos: Clarificar as atuais informações sobre uma das maiores preocupações dos pais
de crianças com Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo, os problemas alimentares e
nutricionais. Pretende-se, secundariamente, esclarecer o verdadeiro impacto que estes
problemas apresentam tanto no crescimento como no respetivo seio familiar, assim como
avaliar a sensibilidade sensorial como possível fator etiológico.
Métodos: Nesta revisão de literatura foram incluídos estudos que abordassem problemas
alimentares e/ou nutricionais em crianças, até aos 14 anos, com diagnóstico de Perturbação
do Espectro do Autismo. Fez-se pesquisa eletrónica na base de dados PubMed, envolvendo
estudos publicados entre 2000 e novembro de 2019 e as seguintes palavras-chave: (“food
selectivity” OR feeding OR “food neophobia” OR “picky eating”) AND child AND autism.
Após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão específicos, foram incluídos 15 estudos
nesta revisão. Os outcomes principais foram os problemas alimentares e o consumo
alimentar/nutricional. No final da análise dos estudos e da avaliação dos outcomes
considerados, procedeu-se à síntese narrativa dos resultados encontrados.
Resultados: Quanto aos problemas alimentares, estes são mais prevalentes em crianças
com Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo, sendo a seletividade alimentar o mais
frequentemente relatado. Estas crianças encontram-se mais propensas a exibir consumos
pouco variados e inadequados de certos nutrientes. O stress parental mostrou ser mais
frequente quando comportamentos disruptivos estavam presentes. Verificou-se que esta
população apresentava maior número de problemas no processamento sensorial, sendo este
um fator intimamente relacionado a estes problemas. No entanto, estas crianças
apresentaram crescimento e desenvolvimento satisfatório.
Conclusão: Os estudos desta revisão demonstraram uma maior prevalência de problemas
alimentares e nutricionais em crianças autistas até aos 14 anos, sendo essencial dar-lhes a
devida importância. Assim, é necessário avaliar estas crianças desde cedo e com alguma periodicidade, com a intenção de uma melhor caraterização individual e possibilidade de
desenvolver estratégias eficazes e atempadas.
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and the presence of restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests, which can often be associated with feeding problems. It is a chronic and multifactorial disease and its pathophysiological process is not yet fully understood. Its prevalence has increased over the last few years and it is usually diagnosed in the first three years of life, being more prevalent in the male population. Feeding problems such as food selectivity, can restrict the consumption of certain food groups and are often associated with inadequate nutritional intake, being one of the biggest concerns reported by caregivers. Goals: Clarify the current information about one of the major concerns of parents of children presenting with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Furthermore, it aims to clarify the real impact that these problems have both on growth and the respective family environment, as well as to evaluate sensory sensitivity as a possible etiological factor. Methods: This literature review included studies that addressed dietary/nutritional problems in children up to 14 years of age with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. An electronic search was performed on the PubMed database, including studies published between 2000 and November 2019, using the following search strategy: (“food selectivity” OR “feeding” OR “food neophobia” OR “picky eating”) AND child AND autism. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies were included in this review. The main outcomes selected for evaluation were feeding problems and the food/nutritional consumption. After a careful analysis of the studies’ outcomes, a narrative synthesis of the results was made. Results: Feeding problems are more prevalent in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, with food selectivity being the most commonly reported. These children are more likely to present with an inadequate and less varied consumption of certain nutrients. Parental stress proved to be more frequent when disruptive behaviors were present. This population presented a greater number of sensory processing difficulties, a factor closely related to these problems. However, these children showed satisfactory growth and development. Conclusion: This review has shown a higher prevalence of dietary and nutritional problems in autistic children up to 14 years old, proving the importance of addressing this issue. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate these children from an early age and with some periodicity, with the intention of better individual profiling and the possibility to develop early effective strategies.
Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopment disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and the presence of restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests, which can often be associated with feeding problems. It is a chronic and multifactorial disease and its pathophysiological process is not yet fully understood. Its prevalence has increased over the last few years and it is usually diagnosed in the first three years of life, being more prevalent in the male population. Feeding problems such as food selectivity, can restrict the consumption of certain food groups and are often associated with inadequate nutritional intake, being one of the biggest concerns reported by caregivers. Goals: Clarify the current information about one of the major concerns of parents of children presenting with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Furthermore, it aims to clarify the real impact that these problems have both on growth and the respective family environment, as well as to evaluate sensory sensitivity as a possible etiological factor. Methods: This literature review included studies that addressed dietary/nutritional problems in children up to 14 years of age with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. An electronic search was performed on the PubMed database, including studies published between 2000 and November 2019, using the following search strategy: (“food selectivity” OR “feeding” OR “food neophobia” OR “picky eating”) AND child AND autism. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies were included in this review. The main outcomes selected for evaluation were feeding problems and the food/nutritional consumption. After a careful analysis of the studies’ outcomes, a narrative synthesis of the results was made. Results: Feeding problems are more prevalent in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, with food selectivity being the most commonly reported. These children are more likely to present with an inadequate and less varied consumption of certain nutrients. Parental stress proved to be more frequent when disruptive behaviors were present. This population presented a greater number of sensory processing difficulties, a factor closely related to these problems. However, these children showed satisfactory growth and development. Conclusion: This review has shown a higher prevalence of dietary and nutritional problems in autistic children up to 14 years old, proving the importance of addressing this issue. It is, therefore, necessary to evaluate these children from an early age and with some periodicity, with the intention of better individual profiling and the possibility to develop early effective strategies.
Description
Keywords
Consumo Alimentar Crianças Estado Nutricional Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo Problemas Alimentares