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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A artrose é atualmente a patologia musculosquelética mais prevalente a
nível mundial, demonstrando uma tendência crescente na sua incidência e prevalência.
Esta condição tem bastante impacto a nível social, económico e de saúde, levando a uma
progressiva perda funcional e de qualidade de vida. Estudos têm revelado que um dos
fatores predisponentes a artrose é a participação desportiva quando praticada em certas
condições e associada a fatores de risco intrínsecos do atleta. Visto que a prática
desportiva está relacionada a melhores resultados de saúde, é crucial identificar estes
fatores e aplicar medidas preventivas capazes de minimizar os mesmos.
Objetivos: O objetivo da revisão foi identificar os principais fatores de risco que associam
o desporto como agente predisponente a artrose, sendo dada especial atenção à
modalidade de futebol e corrida.
Métodos: Foi realizada a análise de artigos na base de dados da Pubmed e na base Scielo,
utilizando como complemento livros de referência médica, guidelines de organizações
mundiais, jornais e revistas científicas do ano 1993 até 2020, e como palavras-chave
“sports”, “osteoarthritis”, “sport injuries”, “soccer”, “running”, “risk factors”.
Resultados: Após análise dos artigos, verificou-se uma maior incidência de OA associada
a desportos coletivos, de força e de endurance. O futebol foi das modalidades com maior
prevalência de OA, enquanto que a corrida está dependente da intensidade e
predisposição individual.
Conclusão: A vasta maioria dos trabalhos científicos defendem que o risco de artrose
depende do desporto que está a ser praticado, da intensidade da prática, de determinadas
condicionantes que predispõem o atleta para lesão e excesso de carga, verificando-se que
modalidades em equipa e de força apresentavam maior incidência. O futebol apresenta-se
como a modalidade com maiores índices de lesão por tempo de jogo, podendo apresentarse desde o nível amador até ao profissional de elite, originando a necessidade de
procedimentos cirúrgicos em idades jovens, que vão alterar a biomecânica da articulação,
sendo esta uma condicionante para artrose. A corrida tem apresentado resultados
controversos, mas podemos afirmar que corrida de intensidade baixa e moderada não
predispõe a artrose, contrastando com intensidades superiores, que apresentam
resultados opostos. O calçado utilizado e o terreno em que é praticada a corrida têm demostrado influência na prevenção de lesões que predispõem a OA, estando
recomendado calçado confortável e corrida em relvado.
Background: Osteoarthritis is currently the most prevalent musculoskeletal pathology worldwide, showing an increasing trend in its incidence and prevalence. This condition has a huge impact on the social, economic and heath levels leading to a progressive loss of function and quality of life. Studies have revealed that one of the factors predisposing to osteoarthritis is sports participation when practiced in certain conditions and associated with intrinsic risk factors of the athlete. Since the practice of sports is related to better health outcomes, it is crucial to identify these factors and apply preventive measures capable of minimizing them. Objectives: The objective of the review was to identify the main risk factors that associate sport as a predisposing agent to osteoarthritis, with special focus on football and running. Methods: An analysis of articles was made using database from Pubmed and Scielo, using as a complement a medical reference book, world guidelines, scientific journals and magazines from 1993 to 2020, and as keywords "sports", "osteoarthritis”, “sports injuries”, “soccer”, “running”, “risk factors”. Results: After analyzing the articles, there was a higher incidence of OA associated with team sports, strength and endurance. Football was one of the modalities with the highest prevalence of OA, while running is dependent on intensity and individual predisposition. Conclusion: The vast majority of scientific articles argue that the risk of osteoarthritis depends on the type of sports being practiced, on its intensity, specific artributes that predispose the athlete to lesion and overload, having team sports and strength modalities shown a higher incidence. Soccer is a modality with higher lesion scores per game time, since the amateur level until elite professionals, creating the need for cirurgical procedures at younger ages, which will alter the articular biomechanics, this being a conditioner for osteoarthritis. Running has shown controversial results, but we can declare that low to moderate intensity running does not predispose to osteoarthritis, unlike higher intensities, which show contrasting results.The footwear used and running surfaces demonstrated to influence prevention of lesions that can predispose to OA, being recommended confortable footwear and running on grass.
Background: Osteoarthritis is currently the most prevalent musculoskeletal pathology worldwide, showing an increasing trend in its incidence and prevalence. This condition has a huge impact on the social, economic and heath levels leading to a progressive loss of function and quality of life. Studies have revealed that one of the factors predisposing to osteoarthritis is sports participation when practiced in certain conditions and associated with intrinsic risk factors of the athlete. Since the practice of sports is related to better health outcomes, it is crucial to identify these factors and apply preventive measures capable of minimizing them. Objectives: The objective of the review was to identify the main risk factors that associate sport as a predisposing agent to osteoarthritis, with special focus on football and running. Methods: An analysis of articles was made using database from Pubmed and Scielo, using as a complement a medical reference book, world guidelines, scientific journals and magazines from 1993 to 2020, and as keywords "sports", "osteoarthritis”, “sports injuries”, “soccer”, “running”, “risk factors”. Results: After analyzing the articles, there was a higher incidence of OA associated with team sports, strength and endurance. Football was one of the modalities with the highest prevalence of OA, while running is dependent on intensity and individual predisposition. Conclusion: The vast majority of scientific articles argue that the risk of osteoarthritis depends on the type of sports being practiced, on its intensity, specific artributes that predispose the athlete to lesion and overload, having team sports and strength modalities shown a higher incidence. Soccer is a modality with higher lesion scores per game time, since the amateur level until elite professionals, creating the need for cirurgical procedures at younger ages, which will alter the articular biomechanics, this being a conditioner for osteoarthritis. Running has shown controversial results, but we can declare that low to moderate intensity running does not predispose to osteoarthritis, unlike higher intensities, which show contrasting results.The footwear used and running surfaces demonstrated to influence prevention of lesions that can predispose to OA, being recommended confortable footwear and running on grass.
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Keywords
Artrose No Desporto Corrida Factores de Risco Futebol Lesão