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Abstract(s)
Introdução: O cuidado de saúde centrado no paciente é um aspeto da relação médico-paciente que tem sido implementado na prática médica na última década e recentemente os educadores em Medicina têm reconhecido a importância de o integrar no percurso académico das escolas médicas. O currículo oculto diz respeito à replicação da cultura médica entre tutores e alunos e irá influenciar a fundação formal dos estudantes quanto a comportamentos clínicos, científicos, académicos e profissionais.
Objetivos: O objetivo principal deste estudo é caracterizar o currículo oculto dos alunos da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade da Beira Interior.
Material e Métodos: Utilizou-se o Instrumento C3, um questionário que caracteriza o currículo oculto quanto ao cuidado centrado no paciente para 5 blocos clínicos – Cardiocirculatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia e Respiratório. Foram de igual forma colhidos alguns dados sociodemográficos dos estudantes.
Resultados: 115 estudantes responderam ao questionário. Todas as dimensões e áreas de conteúdo do Instrumento C3 revelaram uma boa consistência interna, ou seja que o questionário é fiável. Quando analisadas as 3 áreas de conteúdo do Instrumento C3, a área de conteúdo 1 – “Modelos de comportamento” mostrou para todos os blocos clínicos ser a área à qual os alunos atribuiram maior pontuação. No entanto houve uma diferenciação de pontuação entre os médicos especialistas/internos e os chefes de serviço, sendo que os últimos obtiveram pior pontuação. A área de conteúdo 3 – “Suporte aos comportamentos centrados no paciente” obteve as piores pontuações no questionário mostrando que os alunos não se sentem suficientemente encorajados pelos seus tutores a praticar os princípios do cuidado centrado no paciente. A área de conteúdo 2 – “Experiências do estudante” apresentou valores entre as outras áreas, com destaque no entanto, para os itens relacionados com dar más notícias a pacientes, os quais obtiveram a melhor pontuação de todo o questionário. Na análise entre os 5 blocos clínicos avaliados, foi notório que o bloco de Respiratório obteve a melhor pontuação para 2 das 3 áreas do questionário.
Conclusão: O Instrumento C3 provou ser uma ferramenta útil para caracterizar o currículo oculto de uma escola médica quanto ao cuidado centrado no paciente, ao avaliar os pontos fortes e fracos dos blocos clínicos de Cardiocirculatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia e Respiratório relativamente a este aspeto. Perante as hipóteses colocadas para este estudo verificou-se que os estudantes têm uma perceção relativamente ao cuidado centrado no paciente variável segundo os parâmetros avaliados pelo Instrumento C3. Essas perceções são influenciadas pelo contexto e cultura médica em que os estudantes se inserem, já que, os resultados diferem entre os vários blocos clínicos avaliados.
Introduction: Patient-centered care is an aspect of the doctor-patient relationship that has been implemented in medical practice in the last decade and only recently medical teachers have recognized the importance of integrate it in medical schools’ curriculum. The hidden curriculum refers to replicating the culture of medicine between medical teachers and students and it will influence the students’ formal foundation in regards to their clinical, scientific, academic and professional behaviors. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to characterize the hidden curriculum of University of Beira Interior – Faculty of Health Sciences students. Methods: C3 Instrument was used and it is a questionnaire that characterizes the hidden curriculum in what concerns patient-centered care to 5 academic subjects – Cardio-Circulatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia and Respiratório. In the same way, sociodemographic data of students was collected. Results: 115 students completed the questionnaire. All C3 Instrument’s dimensions and content areas revealed a good internal consistency, which means the questionnaire is reliable. When analyzed the 3 content areas in C3 Instrument, Content Area 1 - “Role Modelling” showed for all academic subjects to be the content area in which the students gave the best score. However there was a difference between the scores relative to senior residents/interns and chief residents, being that the latter got the worst score out of the two. Content Area 3 – “Support for students’ own patient-centered behaviors” got the worst scores out of all the content areas showing that students don’t feel like they are encouraged enough by their teachers to practice the principles associated with patient-centered care. Content Area 2 – “Students’ experiences” showed scores between the other two content areas, noticing however, that the items related with giving bad news to patients got the best score out of all the questionnaire. In the analysis between the 5 evaluated academic subjects it was notorious that the academic subject of Respiratório got the best score for 2 out of the 3 content areas of the questionnaire. Conclusion: C3 Instrument proved to be a useful tool to characterize a medical school’s hidden curriculum in what concerns patient-centered care by evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the academic subjects of Cardiocirculatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia and Respiratório regarding this aspect. In respect of hypotheses placed for this study it was verified that students have a perception towards patient-centered care variable according to the parameters assessed by C3 Instrument. Those perceptions are influenced by the context and medical culture in which the students are in, giving that the results differ between the various academic subjects evaluated.
Introduction: Patient-centered care is an aspect of the doctor-patient relationship that has been implemented in medical practice in the last decade and only recently medical teachers have recognized the importance of integrate it in medical schools’ curriculum. The hidden curriculum refers to replicating the culture of medicine between medical teachers and students and it will influence the students’ formal foundation in regards to their clinical, scientific, academic and professional behaviors. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to characterize the hidden curriculum of University of Beira Interior – Faculty of Health Sciences students. Methods: C3 Instrument was used and it is a questionnaire that characterizes the hidden curriculum in what concerns patient-centered care to 5 academic subjects – Cardio-Circulatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia and Respiratório. In the same way, sociodemographic data of students was collected. Results: 115 students completed the questionnaire. All C3 Instrument’s dimensions and content areas revealed a good internal consistency, which means the questionnaire is reliable. When analyzed the 3 content areas in C3 Instrument, Content Area 1 - “Role Modelling” showed for all academic subjects to be the content area in which the students gave the best score. However there was a difference between the scores relative to senior residents/interns and chief residents, being that the latter got the worst score out of the two. Content Area 3 – “Support for students’ own patient-centered behaviors” got the worst scores out of all the content areas showing that students don’t feel like they are encouraged enough by their teachers to practice the principles associated with patient-centered care. Content Area 2 – “Students’ experiences” showed scores between the other two content areas, noticing however, that the items related with giving bad news to patients got the best score out of all the questionnaire. In the analysis between the 5 evaluated academic subjects it was notorious that the academic subject of Respiratório got the best score for 2 out of the 3 content areas of the questionnaire. Conclusion: C3 Instrument proved to be a useful tool to characterize a medical school’s hidden curriculum in what concerns patient-centered care by evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the academic subjects of Cardiocirculatório, Digestivo, Endócrino, Ginecologia and Respiratório regarding this aspect. In respect of hypotheses placed for this study it was verified that students have a perception towards patient-centered care variable according to the parameters assessed by C3 Instrument. Those perceptions are influenced by the context and medical culture in which the students are in, giving that the results differ between the various academic subjects evaluated.
Description
Keywords
Cuidado Centrado No Paciente Currículo Oculto Educação Médica Instrumento C3