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- The Impact of Gender on Entrepreneurial Intention in a Peripheral Region of Europe: A Multigroup AnalysisPublication . Gomes, Sofia; Lopes, João Nuno Morais; Oliveira, José Castro; Oliveira, Márcio; Santos, Tânia; Sousa, MarleneThe last two decades were characterized by an increase in attention on entrepreneurship. An emerging trend in the literature is associated with the different contributions that genders may have regarding entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. This paper assesses gender impact on entrepreneurial intention in a peripheral region of Europe. The methodology used is quantitative and based on a sample of 1114 observations. The obtained results suggest that women’s perceived behavioral control does not have a less direct positive impact on entrepreneurial intention when compared to men’s. Women’s personal attitude has a less direct positive impact on entrepreneurial intention when compared to men’s, as social norms, on the one hand, have a less direct positive impact on women’s personal attitude when compared to men’s, and, on the other hand, have a less direct positive impact on women’s perceived behavioral control when compared to men’s. Finally, it was also verified that social norms have a less positive indirect impact through personal attitude and perceived behavioral control on women’s entrepreneurial intention when compared to men’s. These findings contribute to enlighten the literature by strengthening the theoretical framework on women’s entrepreneurial intention in peripheral regions. Regarding practical contributions, suggestions are addressed to public decision makers, universities, and civil society, to adopt practices to increase entrepreneurship in women. This research is original because it is the first to perform this study in Portugal, a peripheral region of Europe.
- Strategy and Human Resources Management in Non-Profit Organizations: Its Interaction with Open InnovationPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Sousa, Marlene; Silva, Rui Jorge Rodrigues da; Santos, TâniaThe socioeconomic changes that many countries have been experiencing in recent decades, caused by structural factors or by specific circumstances, where the pandemic crisis of COVID-19 is only the most recent example, have posed challenges to organizations, which present themselves more and more and in various forms as threatened by the possibility of fulfilling their mission. Public and private sectors increasingly present themselves as insufficient to respond effectively to day-to-day requests. This context of instability and the resulting impacts for non-profit organizations pose serious problems to the way in which governance is exercised and served as a motivation for carrying out a study that aimed to understand the influence of strategy and human resources on the governance of these organizations. A review of the literature on the variables under study made it possible to identify the sub-dimensions associated with each one of them and the respective indicators. Thus, for a quantitative study, it was possible to apply a questionnaire to 242 Holy Houses of Mercy in Portugal to understand the direct and indirect influences of strategic management and human resources management on the governance of these institutions. The results obtained show the existence of a positive relationship between the variables under analysis, confirming that not only do these variables influence, by themselves and directly, the governance of the institutions studied, but also the strategy influences human resources policies, which in turn have implications for the way the Holy Houses of Mercy deal with aspects associated with governance. It is concluded that, in general, for these organizations to be more effective in efforts to improve their governance processes, they must focus on strategic management and human resources management instruments.
- The Role of Open Innovation, and the Performance of European Union RegionsPublication . Lopes, João; Gomes, Sofia; Oliveira, José Castro; Oliveira, MárcioThis research aims to detect the factors that best explain the performance of regional innovation in the European Union (EU), in the year 2019, and compare the obtained results with the factors used to elucidate the performance of regional innovation in the EU during the year 2016. This comparison allowed us to identify the variations that have occurred during these 3 years. The methodology used is quantitative and served to identify the factors that clarify the performance of regional innovation in the EU in 2019. The data collected was treated in the econometric software Eviews10. Estimations used a multiple linear regression method. The attained results show that with the implementation of the Research and Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialization (RIS3), the Leader and Strong Regions benefited from its implementation. On the other hand, Moderate and Modest Regions failed to improve their innovative performance with the implementation of RIS3. On the practical contributions, it provides suggestions to the actors of the triple helix (Academy–Government–Industry) to improve the performance of innovation. Furthermore, it contributes to the theory by updating the knowledge of the existing literature with new dimensions from the 2019 RIS database. This research is original as it allows to appraise the evolution of the open innovative performance of the regions, by using comparative data from 2019 and 2016.
- Partilha do conhecimento tácito nas organizações sem fins lucrativosPublication . Oliveira, Márcio José Sol Pereira; Pinheiro, Paulo GonçalvesOs estudos na área da aprendizagem organizacional por incremento da partilha de conhecimento tácito, direcionados para as organizações sem fins lucrativos são escassos, por oposição ao que se verifica no setor privado e público. A crescente importância do terceiro setor e das suas instituições, no estabelecimento de uma sociedade mais justa e equilibrada, combatendo assimetrias, justifica a atenção da comunidade académica, tendo em vista o apuramento e adoção das melhores práticas que visem o cumprimento das suas missões. A opção do estudo de caso de organizações como os corpos de bombeiros (CBs) portugueses, ímpares na sua ação e identidade, acompanha a necessidade cada vez mais reconhecida pela sociedade portuguesa, em capacitar estas organizações de diferentes formas de aprendizagens que tragam um reforço de competências, e o aperfeiçoamento dos seus desempenhos. Os eventos trágicos ocorridos nos últimos anos neste país, nomeadamente em matéria de grandes incêndios colocou os CBs no centro desta questão. Assim, focando o estudo na partilha de conhecimento tácito, como forma de reforçar a aprendizagem organizacional nestas organizações em Portugal e tomando como estudo de caso os bombeiros voluntários Portugueses, elencámos como objetivos: I) Apurar a prevalência de indicadores de partilha de conhecimento tácito nos bombeiros voluntários Portugueses, II) Identificar os fatores mais relevantes para que essa partilha ocorra, III) Apurar a prevalência dos facilitadores “intenção” e “disponibilidade” a essa partilha, IV) Identificar as principais barreiras à partilha de conhecimento tácito, V) Identificar as tipologias de barreiras à partilha de conhecimento tácito nos bombeiros voluntários Portugueses, VI) Apurar os perfis dos bombeiros voluntários em Portugueses face à partilha de conhecimento tácito, VII) Determinar a influência das lições apreendidas na partilha de conhecimento tácito nos bombeiros voluntários Portugueses, VIII) Criar uma matriz de diagnóstico relativo à partilha de conhecimento tácito nas organizações em estudo e IX) Elaborar uma matriz de atuação, tendo em vista a eliminação das barreiras mais prevalentes. Uma revisão da literatura sobre partilha de conhecimento tácito permitiu a identificação de indicadores, facilitadores e barreiras à partilha deste conhecimento. Foi possível ainda apurar um conjunto de indicadores que visam a compreensão a partilha de conhecimento tácito por via das lições apreendidas na sequência de eventos operacionais marcantes. Seguiu-se uma metodologia mista onde se combinaram recolhas de dados via questionários e entrevistas, cujo tratamento permitiu apurar a prevalência de indicadores, facilitadores, barreiras e lições apreendidas. O tratamento dos dados permitiu encontrar as respostas para os perguntas de partida e objetivos anteriormente enunciados. Foi possível perceber quais os principais indicadores e fatores que influenciam a partilha do conhecimento tácito, identificar a prevalência dos facilitadores em estudo, apurar as principais barreiras que se levantam a esta partilha de conhecimento e as suas tipologias, identificar e caraterizar os diferentes grupos de bombeiros face à partilha de conhecimento tácito, determinar a influencia das lições apreendidas na sequência de eventos operacionais marcantes, na partilha deste conhecimento e, finalmente, elaborar uma matriz de diagnóstico de partilha de conhecimento tácito para este tipo de organizações e outra matriz de atuação, tendo em vista a eliminação das barreiras mais prevalentes. O estudo não termina sem que antes sejam apresentadas as limitações do estudo e feitas recomendações para investigações futuras.
- Sharing tacit knowledge and organizational learning in Portuguese voluntary fire fighters corpsPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Pinheiro, PauloThe growing importance of the third sector and its institutions justifies the attention of the academic community, in order to establish and adopt best practices aimed at fulfilling its missions and reinforcing organizational learning. However, there are few studies on the importance of the intensity and availability for the sharing of tacit knowledge, as a form of organizational learning, directed to organizations of this typology. The option of conducting a case study such as the Portuguese fire brigades (FB’s), unique in their action and identity, accompanies the need increasingly recognized by Portuguese society to enable these organizations to achieve the best performance to tragic events in recent years in this country. Thus, by placing the focus of the study on the intensity and availability of tacit knowledge sharing, and on past learning, by FB commanders in Portugal, we have identified as objectives, to identify if there is an intention and tacit knowledge sharing available to the commanders of FB’s and realize if this intention and availability is matched in what is the treatment of knowledge obtained by past learning. Eight interviews were conducted with commanders of fire brigades in the central region of Portugal, under the snowball methodological technique, for a qualitative study. It was possible to conclude that the commanders of these FB’s tend to demonstrate the intensity and availability of tacit knowledge sharing, but that this is not reflected in their practices derived from past learning. As limitations of the research, it should be noted that the present research focuses exclusively on the sharing of tacit knowledge, not considering other forms of knowledge. As a case study, although with heterogeneous organizations, the same cannot be replicated to different realities.
- Determinants of the Entrepreneurial Influence on Academic Entrepreneurship - Lessons Learned from Higher Education Students in PortugalPublication . Lopes, João Nuno Morais; Oliveira, Márcio; Oliveira, José Castro; Sousa, Marlene; Santos, Tânia; Gomes, SofiaAcademic entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly important to the field of research as well as to policy makers due to its ability to contribute to the economic, technological, and social development of regions and countries. This research aims to evaluate the determinants that influence the interest of Portuguese higher education students (HEI’s) to become entrepreneurs. The methodology used is quantitative and uses structural model equations. The results obtained demonstrate that the student’s perception of business skills, business growth skills, strategy, and successful business are key factors that students take into account in their entrepreneurial orientation. The research contributes to this theory by adding new knowledge to the literature on the perception of the HEI’s students to become entrepreneurs, specifically the students of Portuguese universities. In practical terms, the contributions offered within this research are based on suggestions for the third mission of universities, explicitly knowledge transfer to the community, business groups, and policy makers, as well as the creation of the essentials within university boundaries to promote entrepreneurship amongst its students. The research is original and innovative, as no research on this field with all the aggregated elements under study has been previously performed in Portugal. Furthermore, the obtained results can translate into ideas that potentially create jobs
- How Can Gamified Applications Drive Engagement and Brand Attitude? The Case of Nike Run Club ApplicationPublication . Rodrigues, Ivo; Lopes, João; Borges, Ana Pinto; Oliveira, José; Oliveira, MárcioThis research aims to analyze the feasibility of gamified applications as a tool to promote engagement and brand attitude. To accomplish this, this research was developed using a quantitative methodology. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed and the model hypotheses were tested by a structural equation modeling (SEM). A questionnaire was applied to Portuguese consumers who use the “Nike Run Club” application, from which 203 valid responses were received. The results confirm the influence of social circles and their impact on the intention to interact with the brand. For theoretical contributions, this research contributes to the existing literature and academic knowledge in the areas of marketing and gamification, providing a suggestion for the TAM model to be used in this type of research. It also contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between gamification and marketing, demonstrating that the use of gamified applications as engagement tools can have a positive impact on the brand attitude. On the practical side, it contributes as a consultation tool for brands, application designers, and marketers when defining engagement strategies, allowing a better understanding of the factors that may or may not influence the public’s relationship with the brands and what dynamics they should use in the development of new Gamified marketing solutions
- International Open Innovation Strategies of Firms in European Peripheral RegionsPublication . Lopes, João; Gomes, Sofia; Oliveira, José Castro; Oliveira, MárcioThe involvement of companies in different open innovation activities, through knowledge outputs and inputs, has become increasingly important for the success of companies. However, the existing literature on open innovation is scarce concerning the internationalization process of companies. The internationalization of companies is fundamental in the continuous search to increase the performance of companies externally. The objective of the present research is to explain the strategic processes in the internationalization of companies located in peripheral regions at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of dynamic capabilities. The sample used for this research is composed of seven Portuguese companies. The methodology of qualitative nature is exploratory and uses a case study approach. Regarding the foremost modes of operation in international markets and strategies, we find that (1) companies have partnerships with local distributors or appoint exclusive importers/distributors, and (2) companies prefer to place their products in the market through their brand, “co-branded” projects with retailers, or “private label” projects. Of the seven companies under study, six use a standardization strategy, and one opts for a configuration-coordination strategy. Our findings clarified the literature on export and internationalization strategies in a peripheral country, allowing a closer incept of the organizational and dynamic capabilities and an overview of the supporting tools these companies have to compete in the global market. Our study is original because few articles study the internationalization strategies of companies at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and in peripheral regions of Europe.
- Sharing of Tacit Knowledge in Volunteer Portuguese FirefightersPublication . Oliveira, Márcio; Pinheiro, PauloThe studies in the area of knowledge management, directed to non-profit organizations are scarce, as opposed to what happens in the private and public sector. The growing importance of the third sector and its institutions, in establishing a more just and balanced society, combating asymmetries and placing itself on the side of the neediest, justifies the attention of the academic community, in order to establish and adopt best practices to carry out their missions. The choice of a case study of organizations such as the Portuguese fire brigades (FBs), unique in their action and identity, accompanies the need increasingly recognized by Portuguese society, in enabling these organizations of competencies for the best possible performance, in view of tragic events that have occurred in recent years in this country, particularly in the area of major fires. Research goal: placing the focus of the study on the sharing of tacit knowledge in these organizations and taking as a case study the Portuguese volunteer firefighter, we set as objectives the verification of the prevalence of tacit knowledge indicators within these organizations and the identification of barriers to this same sharing. Research methodology / design: a careful reading of the literature on sharing tacit knowledge allowed the identification of possible indicators and barriers to the sharing of this knowledge, which were later included in the script of interviews to eight commanders of fire brigades of the central region of Portugal, under the methodological technique snowball, for a qualitative study. Main findings: it was possible to conclude that these organizations tend not to share this type of knowledge, presenting barriers at the individual, organizational and technological level. Limitations / recommendations: as limitations of the research, it should be noted that the present research focuses exclusively on the sharing of tacit knowledge, not considering other forms of knowledge. As a case study, although with heterogeneous organizations, the same cannot be replicated to different realities.
- Disorders, Vulnerabilities and Resilience in the Supply Chain in Pandemic TimesPublication . Ferreira, Catarina; Cardoso, Catarina; Travassos, Mariana; Paiva, Mariana; Pestana, Micaela; Lopes, João; Oliveira, MárcioThe economic and social environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has brought additional pressure on supply chains because they now have more pressure to develop and adapt to a context of economic constraint. Delays in the supply chain can bring consequences such as the lack of food products by retailers, transporters and manufacturers. Thus, this study aims to examine the supply chain during the COVID-19 pandemic in small- and medium-sized food companies in the central region of Portugal, identifying potential problems and pointing out the respective solutions. For this purpose, the study uses a qualitative methodology through semi-structured interviews. It was found that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) do not have a codified supply chain and that generally, these companies have a minimal budget, which requires a constant search for new suppliers that represent a reduction in costs. Moreover, most of the companies surveyed faced unexpected challenges, such as a lack of alternative suppliers. The present paper is original because it studies the supply chain in SMEs in the food sector during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it allows the ascertainment of practical suggestions for these companies to improve, as well as contributing to the clarification of the literature on the supply chain in times of crisis such as the current COVID-19 pandemic