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- Perceived Emotional Intelligence: what is its influence in Subjective Well-Being?Publication . Barbosa, Maria Miguel; Monteiro, Samuel; Pereira, Henrique; Esgalhado, Graça; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Loureiro, ManuelIn this article we propose to explore the Perceived Emotional Intelligence influence in Subjective Well-Being. To do so, we carry out a quantitative, transversal study adopting a descriptive approach and inter-subject correlational design. The sample is formed of n = 1377 Portuguese and Brazilian participants, between 18 and 81 years of age, of whom 57.8% identified themselves as female and 42.1% as male, 44.4% were Portuguese and 54.9% were Brazilian. In terms of education 38,1% had a post-graduate/master, 33,2% had a first degree/diploma, 14.9% had up to 12 years of schooling and 13.8% had a Ph.D./post-Ph.D. Participants answered the Assessing Emotions Scale and the Reduced Version of the Portuguese Scale of Positive and Negative Affect. There are differences in many dimensions of PEI, according to socio-demographic characteristics and high perception of the competences forming EI is associated with SWB and has a great effect on predicting the variance of Positive Affect.
- The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Internet Addiction Among Youth and AdultsPublication . Saraiva, Jorge; Esgalhado, Graça; Pereira, Henrique; Monteiro, Samuel; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Loureiro, ManuelThis study aimed to compare emotional intelligence (EI) levels and Internet addiction (IA) by gender and age groups and to assess the predictive relationship between EI and IA. One thousand four hundred thirteen young people and adults participated in the study. Participants were between 17 and 81 years old (M = 38.70 years old, SD = 13.72 years old); 42.2% were male, whereas 57.5% were female. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte, Malouff, & Bhullar, 2009), and the Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998) as data collection instruments. Results showed that there is a weak, but statistically significant, negative relationship between EI and IA. We found higher levels of EI in older people and in women than in the youngest participants and in men. No relevant prevalence of IA was found in the participants of this study.
- Aging Perceptions in Older Gay and Bisexual Men in PortugalPublication . Pereira, Henrique; Serrano, Juan Pedro; De Vries, Brian; Esgalhado, Graça; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Monteiro, SamuelAims and Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions toward aging among Portuguese gay and bisexual men over 60 years old. Background Despite the growth of the older population, and the increased visibility and acceptance of lesbian, gay, and bisexual people in Western countries, the experience of aging in older gay and bisexual men is only beginning to be understood. Design We used a qualitative research methodology, based on critical gerontology, for establishing research questions and to identify the perspectives on the aging process in older gay and bisexual individuals. Methods We used a structured electronic inquiry with 25 gay and bisexual men over 60 years of age from Portugal. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to help identify repeated patterns of meaning in the data set. Results The recurrent themes in the narratives of the aging experiences of the participants in the study were as follows: positive perceptions of aging, negative perceptions of aging, coping with being a gay/bisexual man and family ties, professional care, homophobia/discrimination, relationships and social support, intergenerational differences, mediating role of sexual orientation, sociopolitical changes, and personal characteristics. Conclusion Analysis of perceptions about the aging process in older gay and bisexual men emphasized the desire for normalization in the social awareness of sexual orientation. It is important to continue doing research on this topic and disseminate this information among professionals who work with older lesbian, gay, and bisexual people so that they may better understand how they can meet the specific needs of this population.
- A importância dos indicadores biomédicos no funcionamento sexual em adultos portugueses saudáveisPublication . Teixeira, Paula; Pereira, Henrique; Monteiro, Samuel; Esgalhado, Graça; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Loureiro, Manuel; Ferrão, Delfina; Garcia, Nuno M.SexualidadeResumoIntroduc¸ão: Na presente investigac¸ão pretendeu-se analisar a influência de indicadores biomé-dicos, tais como o índice de massa corporal, glicémia, colesterol total, triglicerídeos, pressãoarterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica, no funcionamento sexual em adultos portugueses.Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 225 indivíduos saudáveis (não fumadores, mulheres nãotomando pílula contracetiva), entre os 18 e os 89 anos (média = 41), 107 do sexo masculinoe 117 do feminino. Aplicaram-se um questionário sociodemográfico, a versão portuguesa doMassachusetts General Hospital Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ), e dispositivos demedida de indicadores biomédicos.Resultados: Dos participantes, 59,6% (n = 134) apresentaram níveis para o funcionamento sexualglobal abaixo dos valores esperados, os homens pontuaram melhor funcionamento sexual glo-bal quando comparados com as mulheres, assim como o grupo dos participantes mais novos.Destacam-se os níveis de correlac¸ão significativa entre o IMC (r = −0,253; p < 0,001), a gli-cémia (r = −0,230; p < 0,001), o colesterol total (r = −0,144; p < 0,05) e o funcionamentosexual. O modelo de regressão hierárquica permitiu demonstrar o efeito mediador das variá-veis biomédicas sobre o funcionamento sexual, explicou 31% (r2= 0,31; p < 0,001) da variânciatotal.
- Psychometric Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Modern Homonegativity Scale among Portuguese College StudentsPublication . Garcia-Berben, Ana Belen; Pereira, Henrique; Lara-Garrido, Adrián Salvador; Alvarez-Bernardo, Gloria; Esgalhado, GraçaThe studies focused on analysing attitudes toward homosexuality show that the manifestation of homonegativity has evolved into more modern forms. We therefore propose using instruments that capture subtle aspects in discrimination against gay and lesbian people. The objective of this study is twofold. First, we aim to adapt and validate the Portuguese version of the Modern Homonegativity Scale. Second, we set out to analyse the modern homonegativity shown by Portuguese university students. The scale includes two parallel subscales (MHS-Gay Men and MHS-Lesbian Women), each with 12 items. Six hundred and forty-one Portuguese college students between 18 and 27 years of age participated in the study (Mage = 21.23; SD = 1.88). The results demonstrate the unidimensionality of the scale and a high degree of internal consistency, along with satisfactory fit indices. Those people who identified as male and heterosexual showed greater modern homonegativity. We conclude that the Portuguese version of the MHS is valid and reliable for evaluating modern homonegativity in Portugal.
- Reactions from family of origin to the disclosure of lesbian motherhood via donor inseminationPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Tasker, Fiona; Carneiro, Francis Anne; Pereira, Henrique; Leal, I.Most studies of planned lesbian motherhood via donor insemination (DI) have sampled lesbian mothers in individualistic societies where adults have relatively distant connection to their family of origin. Our study examined the experiences of biological and non-biological lesbian mothers in five families who had children through DI after disclosing their motherhood status to their family networks in Portugal, a familistic society. The first theme identified by thematic analysis-"But why do you want to have a child?"-encapsulated the reactions of biological mothers' family of origin to the announcement of motherhood. Disclosure was mostly met by a shocked response in the family, rooted in the belief that lesbian women should not have children. The second theme-"But you weren't pregnant, how is this your child?"-summarized the reactions of non-biological mothers' family of origin to the disclosure of motherhood status as they considered refusing to recognize their grandchild in the absence of biological connection. Prejudice against lesbian-mother family formation was associated with the specific intersection of lesbianism and motherhood, but relationships between the mothers and their families were largely repaired because of familistic values.
- Heterosexuals' attitudes toward same-sex parenting: The case of PortugalPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Rita, Cláudia; Fernandes, Inês; Caldeira, Sara; Pereira, Henrique; Leal, I.During the last decade in Portugal, there have been political changes regarding the rights of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender individuals, such as the right to marry. However, parenting by same-sex couples is not legally recognized, and there are legal impediments for same-sex parents to adopt a child. The purpose of this study was to assess Portuguese heterosexuals’ attitudes toward same-sex parenting and the reasoning behind them. 993 participants (266 males and 727 females), aged between 18 and 69 years with a mean age of 34, responded to one of three online questionnaires using a quasi-experimental methodology: each questionnaire included a case vignette depicting a heterosexual, a gay, or a lesbian couple wishing to adopt a child. Participants were then asked to evaluate if the couple would be fit to adopt and if they anticipated any social and emotional problems with the child. Results revealed that participants evaluated more favorably the heterosexual couple than did the same-sex couples. Furthermore, participants consistently anticipated more children’s social and emotional problems if they were adopted by a gay or a lesbian couple. Group differences revealed that men evaluated less favorably gay and lesbian couples than women did. Religious affiliation also revealed that catholic people were less favorable toward gay and lesbian adoption than atheist people were. Implications of these findings will be discussed.
- University Students’ Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Parenting and Gay and Lesbian Rights in PortugalPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Almeida, Rute; Anselmo, Cátia; Ferreira, André; Pereira, Henrique; Leal, I.The purpose of this study was to explore university students' attitudes toward same-sex parenting and toward gay and lesbian rights. A total of 292 participants, aged between 18 and 27 (M = 21) responded to a questionnaire measuring attitudes toward parenting by gay men and lesbians, gay and lesbian rights, and beliefs about the etiology of homosexuality. Results revealed that the majority of students were against gay and lesbian parenting, gay and lesbian equal rights, and believed that homosexuality has a social/environmental basis. It was found that sexual prejudice is highly prevalent in Portuguese university students, and implications of these findings are discussed.
- The Impact of Life Trauma on Mental Health and Suicidal Behavior: A Study from Portuguese Language CountriesPublication . Silva, Mariana; Pereira, HenriqueSeveral studies report the incidence of traumatic experiences in community and clinical samples, and substantial research demonstrates the impact of traumatic events on mental health and suicidal behavior, but this area remains unexplored in the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLC). Thus, this study aims to (1) describe traumatic experiences, mental health levels and suicidal behavior among individuals from Portugal, Brazil and African Countries with Portuguese as an Official Language (ACPOL); (2) assess correlations between traumatic experiences and mental health and suicidal behavior; and (3) assess the impact of exposure to a traumatic event on mental health and suicidal behavior. The measurement instruments included a sociodemographic questionnaire, Brief Trauma Questionnaire, Brief Symptoms Inventory-18, and the Portuguese version of the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised. ACPOL participants reported greater impact of war, Portuguese participants reported greater impact of disasters, and Brazilian participants reported greater impact of psychological and sexual abuse, assault, and death of a family member. Brazilian participants showed the worst levels of mental health and suicidal thoughts. Strong correlations were found between traumatic experiences and mental health levels and suicidal behavior. Traumatic experiences contributed to the explanation of mental health levels and probability of committing suicide.
- Desenvolvimento da escala revista de ajustamento diádico (RDAS) com casais do mesmo sexoPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Pereira, Henrique; Leal, I.Com base na Dyadic Adjusment Scale (DAS), a versão reduzida americana Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) foi mais recentemente desenvolvida com o intuito de avaliar o ajustamento diádico de casais, mais fiável e parcimoniosa do que a original. O objectivo do presente estudo é o de avaliar a validade do modelo multidimensional de três factores da RDAS com uma amostra de 177 casais do mesmo sexo (49% casais de lésbicas e 51% casais de gays) em Portugal. Os participantes completaram a RDAS, a Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social e a Escala de Homofobia Internalizada. Os resultados obtidos através de Análise Factorial Confirmatória foram semelhantes aos reportados pelos autores da escala revista. Através da RDAS foi possível discriminar níveis de ajustamento entre casais de lésbicas e casais gays, revelando-se que os casais de lésbicas reportaram níveis de coesão significativamente maiores do que casais gays. Foi também observado a importância de um baixo nível de homofobia internalizada e satisfação com o suporte social para o ajustamento diádico.
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