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- Adaptation of an Emotional Stroop Test for Screening of Suicidal Ideation in PortugalPublication . Esgalhado, Graça; Pereira, Henrique; Silva, PatríciaCognitive instruments, especially those with emotional components, may be useful to address the limitations of self-report scales commonly used to assess suicidal ideation. The aim of this study was to develop an emotional Stroop test for screening suicidal ideation in Portugal. The project was developed in five phases using different samples for each phase. The first two phases were focused on the formulation of the potential words that would compose the slides. For this purpose, five biology teachers (neutral slide) and five mental health professionals (positive and negative slides) were invited to help choose the words that were most representative for each slide. The third phase validated the words defined in the previous phase. In this phase, 300 university students participated (Mage = 21.66; SD = 3.67; 68% female). They rated the words on a Likert scale in terms of their frequency of use, familiarity, level of understanding, and degree of image evocation. In the fourth phase, the researchers developed the complete version of the test, which consists of three slides with neutral, positive, and negative emotional stimuli, consecutively. Finally, in the fifth phase, we validated the final version of the test through a comparative study between a clinical group and a non-clinical group, each one composed by 50 participants (Mage = 32; SD = 9.70; 55% female). Results indicated that the clinical group demonstrated significantly higher scores for depression and suicidal ideation and lower scores for the three Stroop tasks. Words related to negative emotions were strongly correlated with suicidal ideation. Finally, the three Stroop slides explained 74.1% of the variance in suicidal ideation. These findings suggest that this test can be a viable complementary measure in the psychological assessment of suicide ideation, and intervention in the field of suicide prevention in Portugal.
- COVID-19,Work-Related Quality of Life and Psychosocial Risks through the Lens of Gender and Sexual Orientation in BrazilPublication . Silva, Patrícia Gabriela da; Pereira, Henrique MarquesThe coronavirus pandemic has resulted in an emergency health crisis, in addition to having far-reaching economic, organizational and psychosocial impacts, with previously more vulnerable populations such as people from sexual and gender minorities appearing to be most affected. In this sense, the present dissertation chose to carry out two different studies, which would investigate some of these impacts focusing in a Brazilian population. The first was a study of quantitative nature and focused on gender perspectives, evaluating aspects related to work-related quality of life (WRQoL) during the pandemic in a sample of Brazilian nationals composed of 190 women and 147 men. Results showed that women reported significantly higher levels of COVID-19- related fears, and lower levels of overall WRQoL, well-being, career satisfaction, and control over work. Gender, fear, and the negative impacts of COVID-19 were significant predictors of overall WRQoL, of career satisfaction, and of control over work. The second study was of qualitative nature and sought to give voice to sexual minorities, contemplating the perceptions of 65 lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) Portuguese and Brazilian people regarding the psychosocial impacts of the pandemic on their lives. The thematic analysis of participants' responses revealed 9 recurring themes, encompassing 18 subcategories to occur: mental health (depression, anxiety, fear, anger, and loneliness), isolation (social distancing and leisure impediments), relationships (family and friends), work -related problems, education-related problems, financial problems, changes (behavioral changes and opportunity to grow), coping (seeking support, accessing information and physical activities), and LGBTQI topics (health barriers, going back into the closet, pride celebration events , and online dating). The results of this dissertation seek to contribute to the analysis of the psychosocial effects of the COVID19 pandemic on the increased vulnerabilities of sexual and gender minorities in Brazilian context, demonstrating specific challenges exacerbated by preexisting social inequalities.
- The Impact of Psychological Distress on the Occupational Well-Being of Sexual and Gender MinoritiesPublication . Pereira, Henrique; Silva, Patrícia; Beatriz, ColleenBackground: Discrimination against sexual and gender minorities in occupational settings has been an important topic of research. However, little is known about this impact in Portuguesespeaking people. Methods: 305 Portuguese and Brazilian participants who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and other sexual and gender identities (LGBTQIA+) completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, a set of scales to assess psychological distress, and a set of scales to assess occupational well-being. Results: Participants had higher levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety and lower levels of work-related quality of life, engagement, and self-efficacy at work compared to the defined cut-off points for normative populations, with asexual and bisexual people appearing to be the most affected. Significant correlations were found for all variables, and psychological distress was a significant predictor of lower occupational well-being. Conclusions: These findings are useful for understanding the occupational health of LGBTQIA+ people and suggest efforts to improve the climate in the workplace for this population.