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- Ergonomia no trabalho de escritórioPublication . Tavares, Carla Sofia Dias; Coelho, Denis AlvesApesar de atualmente vivermos numa sociedade bastante industrializada e mecanizada, o que aparentemente só traria vantagens ao ser humano, verificamos que devido às características específicas de cada profissão e ao mercado de trabalho que é exigente e muito competitivo, surgem cada vez mais problemas de saúde, não só ao nível físico como psicológico. Assim sendo, e perante este cenário, deve dar-se cada vez mais relevância às necessidades ergonómicas físicas e psicológicas dos trabalhadores no seu local de trabalho. Neste trabalho, procurou-se demostrar a importância desta problemática, tanto através da apresentação teórica, como através da apresentação de um caso prático (estudo de caso em ambiente de escritório). A metodologia seguida consistiu na realização de quatro inquéritos com o objetivo de, analisar as condições ergonómicas do trabalho e as consequências de saúde física e psicológicas com elas relacionadas. A amostra foi constituída por trinta e dois trabalhadores do escritório da Água do Zêzere e Côa, S.A, que preencheram os inquéritos acima mencionados. Posteriormente, utilizaram-se os programas SPSS e STATA, e fez-se a análise estatística dos resultados. Desta análise, resultaram associações estatisticamente significativas entre os temas abordados, o que originou a necessidade de alteração de algumas das condições ergonómicas físicas, sobretudo no que respeita ao ruído. Face a esta constatação, foi proposta uma melhoria das condições de reverberação acústica no departamento mais afetado por este problema.
- Psychosocial and ergonomic survey of office and field jobs in a utility companyPublication . Coelho, Denis A.; Tavares, Carla S. D.; Lima, Tânia M.; Lourenço, Luís MiguelThe effect of different kinds of work on the psychosocial assessment of workers under the same management and organizational environment is investigated. Methods. A voluntary assessment in a utility company was carried out using the short version of the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire (CoPsoQ) on two occasions, 1.5 years apart. Initially, 25 office workers (11 men and 14 women) participated, while 14 of those workers (8 women and 6 men) participated in the second assessment together with 32 field workers. The sewage, water treatment and maintenance workers, totaling 32 men, also participated in a field ergonomics assessment using theWashington State Department of Labor and Industries field work ergonomic checklist. Results. The longitudinal outlook was fairly stable, with sustained severe scores in many CoPsoQ subscales and intensification of severity of workers’ control over work and esteem for men. A significantly higher esteem score resulted for field rather than office workers. Workers subjected to foul odors showed similar severity of psychosocial factors. Discussion. For most psychosocial dimensions, the organizational design and management system in place, as well as the overall cultural environment in which it operates, create a much stronger and more decisive impact than job-specific factors.
- Working conditions under multiple exposures: A cross-sectional study of private sector administrative workersPublication . Coelho, Denis; Tavares, Carla; Lourenço, Luís Miguel; Lima, Tânia M.BACKGROUND: Office workers are increasingly exposed to physical and psychosocial risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between environmental, physical and organizational working conditions and the physical and psychosocial well-being of a sample of private sector office workers. METHODS: Musculoskeletal pain was collected from a body map and the Disabilities of the Arms, Shoulders and Hands questionnaire. The short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire enabled collecting information on six job related satisfaction and dissatisfaction subscales. A checklist for ergonomics in computer work guided the analysis of ergonomic factors and measurements were taken to characterize environmental conditions. Association between exposures and outcomes was calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. RESULTS: Significant moderate positive association was found between dissatisfaction with job psychological demands and musculoskeletal pain in the upper body (0.40; p = 0.05), as well as between postural ergonomic mismatches and dissatisfaction with job insecurity towards the future (0.42; p = 0.04). A significant moderate negative association (−0,47; p = 0.02) was found as well between satisfaction with job social support and with leadership quality and location of the work station in an open-plan office as opposed to smaller office rooms. CONCLUSIONS: The results show how raising awareness of the risk factors encountered in contemporary office work is still necessary to promote widespread improvement of working conditions, from both a physical and a psychosocial perspective.