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Abstract(s)
Desde o seu surgimento na indústria automóvel, a aplicação da filosofia Lean expandiu-se
a diversas organizações, manufatureiras e não manufatureiras, com o objetivo de reduzir
os desperdícios. Apesar desta filosofia se estar a tornar popular, inclusivamente em
organizações que fornecem serviços, existem poucos estudos que apliquem ferramentas
Lean aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Além disso, a literatura não contém
Modelos de Apoio à Decisão, baseados na filosofia Lean, apropriados à gestão de stocks
em laboratórios de ensino e investigação.
Perante esta lacuna na literatura, foram utilizadas ferramentas Lean, nomeadamente, o
5S, a Gestão Visual e o Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) para melhorar a
organização do espaço e, consequentemente, a eficiência das atividades de investigação e
ensino desenvolvidas num laboratório universitário de robótica e automação.
Adicionalmente, foi concebido um Modelo de Apoio à Decisão que consiste num e-kanban
para a gestão de stocks em laboratórios de ensino e investigação. As fórmulas matemáticas
incorporadas neste modelo permitem determinar quando e em que quantidade se deve
efetuar uma encomenda, levando em consideração fatores como as variações da procura
de componentes ao longo do ano letivo, o nível de procura (alto ou baixo) de cada artigo e
a deterioração a que os componentes mais frágeis estão sujeitos.
Para a testagem do Modelo de Apoio à Decisão, utilizou-se como exemplo um conjunto de
artigos que integra o protocolo de uma atividade laboratorial.
A aplicação das ferramentas Lean permitiu reduzir movimentos desnecessários e tempos
de espera. Comparando o tempo de preparação para efetuar um procedimento
experimental no laboratório do estudo de caso antes e depois da implementação de
ferramentas Lean, verificou-se uma redução de 93%.
Since its emergence in the automotive industry, the Lean philosophy has been adopted in several organizations, both manufacturing, and non-manufacturing, with the aim of reducing waste. Although this philosophy is becoming popular, even in organizations that provide services, few studies apply Lean tools to teaching and learning processes. Furthermore, the literature does not contain Decision Support Systems based on the Lean philosophy, suitable for stock management in teaching and research laboratories. Given this gap in the literature, Lean tools were used, namely 5S, Visual Management, and Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) to improve the organization of space and, consequently, the efficiency of research and teaching activities carried out in a university laboratory of robotics and automation. Furthermore, a Decision Support System was designed, which consists in an e-Kanban for stock management in teaching and research laboratories. The mathematical formulas incorporated in this model make it possible to determine when and in what quantity an order should be placed, considering factors such as variations in demand for components throughout the school year, the level of demand (high or low) for each item and the deterioration to which the most fragile components are subject. For testing the Decision Support System, a set of articles that integrates the protocol of a laboratory activity was used as an example. The application of Lean tools allowed to reduce unnecessary movements and waiting times. Comparing the setup time to make an experimental procedure in the case study laboratory, before and after the implementation of Lean tools, there was a reduction of 93%.
Since its emergence in the automotive industry, the Lean philosophy has been adopted in several organizations, both manufacturing, and non-manufacturing, with the aim of reducing waste. Although this philosophy is becoming popular, even in organizations that provide services, few studies apply Lean tools to teaching and learning processes. Furthermore, the literature does not contain Decision Support Systems based on the Lean philosophy, suitable for stock management in teaching and research laboratories. Given this gap in the literature, Lean tools were used, namely 5S, Visual Management, and Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) to improve the organization of space and, consequently, the efficiency of research and teaching activities carried out in a university laboratory of robotics and automation. Furthermore, a Decision Support System was designed, which consists in an e-Kanban for stock management in teaching and research laboratories. The mathematical formulas incorporated in this model make it possible to determine when and in what quantity an order should be placed, considering factors such as variations in demand for components throughout the school year, the level of demand (high or low) for each item and the deterioration to which the most fragile components are subject. For testing the Decision Support System, a set of articles that integrates the protocol of a laboratory activity was used as an example. The application of Lean tools allowed to reduce unnecessary movements and waiting times. Comparing the setup time to make an experimental procedure in the case study laboratory, before and after the implementation of Lean tools, there was a reduction of 93%.
Description
Keywords
E-Kanban Gestão de Stocks Lean Laboratory Modelo de Apoio à Decisão Setor do Ensino