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Sintomatologia depressiva e burnout em teletrabalho: O papel dos riscos psicossociais
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O teletrabalho, amplamente adotado após a pandemia de COVID-19, tem vindo a
transformar as dinâmicas laborais, trazendo benefícios, mas também desafios para a
saúde mental dos teletrabalhadores. Neste, âmbito, a presente investigação visa
contribuir para a compreensão teórica e empírica do impacto do teletrabalho na saúde
mental, centrando-se na sintomatologia depressiva, no burnout, e no papel dos riscos
psicossociais, como as exigências laborais e relações interpessoais e de liderança. Com
base na literatura recente, o estudo procurou enquadrar teoricamente os construtos em
análise no contexto do teletrabalho. Os principais objetivos foram descrever os níveis de
sintomatologia depressiva, burnout, exigências laborais e relações interpessoais e de
liderança, identificar diferenças em função de variáveis sociodemográficas e
socioprofissionais, e analisar relações preditivas entre estas variáveis.
A investigação adotou uma abordagem quantitativa, com base na aplicação de um
questionário online, tendo sido constituída uma amostra de 110 participantes em regime
de teletrabalho (exclusivo ou híbrido), com idades entre os 22 e 60 anos,
maioritariamente de nacionalidade portuguesa. Os dados foram recolhidos através de
um questionário sociodemográfico e de instrumentos, tais como o BAT, BSI-18
COPSOQ-II.
Segundo os resultados obtidos identificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente
significativas nos sintomas depressivos em função das relações sociais e familiares, na
exaustão (dimensão do burnout) e nas exigências laborais em função das características
do ambiente físico de trabalho. Verificou-se, ainda, que as exigências no trabalho e a
qualidade das relações interpessoais e de liderança, predizem os níveis de burnout, sendo
considerados fatores de risco para a saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Além disso, o
burnout, bem como as dimensões exaustão, distância mental e angústia psicológica
apresentam um efeito preditivo sobre a sintomatologia depressiva.
Teleworking, widely adopted after the COVID-19 pandemic, has been transforming work dynamics, bringing benefits but also challenges to the mental health of teleworkers. In this context, this research aims to contribute to the theoretical and empirical understanding of the impact of teleworking on mental health, focusing on depressive symptoms, burnout, and the role of psychosocial risks, such as work demands and interpersonal and leadership relationships. Based on recent literature, the study sought to theoretically frame the constructs under analysis in the context of teleworking. The main objectives were to describe the levels of depressive symptoms, burnout, work demands, and interpersonal and leadership relationships, identify differences according to sociodemographic and socioprofessional variables, and analyze predictive relationships between these variables. The research adopted a quantitative approach, based on the application of an online questionnaire, and a sample of 110 participants working remotely (exclusively or hybridly), aged between 22 and 60 years old, most of whom were Portuguese, was constituted. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and instruments such as BAT, BSI-18 COPSOQ-II. According to the results obtained, statistically significant differences were identified in depressive symptoms according to social and family relationships, exhaustion (burnout dimension) and work demands according to the characteristics of the physical work environment. It was also found that work demands and the quality of interpersonal and leadership relationships predict burnout levels, and are considered risk factors for workers' mental health. In addition, burnout, as well as the dimensions of exhaustion, mental distance and psychological distress, have a predictive effect on depressive symptoms.
Teleworking, widely adopted after the COVID-19 pandemic, has been transforming work dynamics, bringing benefits but also challenges to the mental health of teleworkers. In this context, this research aims to contribute to the theoretical and empirical understanding of the impact of teleworking on mental health, focusing on depressive symptoms, burnout, and the role of psychosocial risks, such as work demands and interpersonal and leadership relationships. Based on recent literature, the study sought to theoretically frame the constructs under analysis in the context of teleworking. The main objectives were to describe the levels of depressive symptoms, burnout, work demands, and interpersonal and leadership relationships, identify differences according to sociodemographic and socioprofessional variables, and analyze predictive relationships between these variables. The research adopted a quantitative approach, based on the application of an online questionnaire, and a sample of 110 participants working remotely (exclusively or hybridly), aged between 22 and 60 years old, most of whom were Portuguese, was constituted. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and instruments such as BAT, BSI-18 COPSOQ-II. According to the results obtained, statistically significant differences were identified in depressive symptoms according to social and family relationships, exhaustion (burnout dimension) and work demands according to the characteristics of the physical work environment. It was also found that work demands and the quality of interpersonal and leadership relationships predict burnout levels, and are considered risk factors for workers' mental health. In addition, burnout, as well as the dimensions of exhaustion, mental distance and psychological distress, have a predictive effect on depressive symptoms.
Description
Keywords
Burnout Depressão Exigências no Trabalho Riscos Psicossociais Teletrabalho