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Abstract(s)
O objetivo deste estudo foi a realização da caracterização dos profissionais de fitness em
Portugal, nomeadamente no que diz respeito a variáveis sociodemográficas, aspetos
relacionados com a sua intervenção e relativamente à satisfação no trabalho. Para esse
efeito foram construídos e validados dois instrumentos, nomeadamente o questionário
VidaProFit – construído e validado para a caracterização sociodemográfica e de aspetos
relacionados com a intervenção dos profissionais de fitness e o questionário Job
Satisfaction Scale, que foi traduzido, adaptado e validado para a língua portuguesa para
mensurar a satisfação no trabalho com o nome de Escala de Satisfação Profissional,
também nos profissionais de fitness. O questionário VidaProFit foi construído e validado
seguindo diversos procedimentos metodológicos e mostrou-se eficaz para atingir os
objetivos do mesmo. Em relação à caracterização dos profissionais de fitness em Portugal
estes são, na maioria, jovens adultos, solteiros, sem filhos, licenciados e com menos de
uma década de experiência profissional, sendo que existe um equilíbrio entre género
feminino e masculino. Maioritariamente, os profissionais de fitness desempenham
funções ao nível das aulas de grupo, treino personalizado e sala de exercício,
respetivamente, sendo que a maioria trabalha a tempo inteiro enquanto profissional na
área, em ginásios/health clubs e realiza a sua intervenção em mais do que um local. A
maioria dos profissionais é trabalhador independente e aufere um salário entre os 631.98€
e os 842.63€. A média semanal de horas de trabalho dos profissionais situava-se nas 39,8
horas, sendo que a maioria possuía um horário semanal de entrada às 7 horas da manhã e
de saída às 21 horas da noite. Uma maior idade e maior experiência profissional
encontraram-se associadas com um maior número de horas de funções relacionadas com
tarefas de coordenação, parecendo indicar que à medida que os profissionais têm mais
idade/experiência, realizam mais este tipo de funções. O questionário Job Satisfaction
Scale, traduzido e validado para a língua portuguesa como Escala de Satisfação
Profissional e especificamente para a população de profissionais de fitness, apresentou
fiabilidade e elevadas propriedades psicométricas, sendo que um Modelo Unidimensional
(1 fator/16 itens) se apresentou mais ajustado e parcimonioso. Relativamente à satisfação
no trabalho, os profissionais de fitness encontram-se, em geral, moderadamente
satisfeitos com o seu trabalho. Os valores mais baixos de satisfação apresentam-se em
relação ao salário, oportunidades de promoção e estabilidade profissional enquanto os
mais elevados estão relacionados com a liberdade de escolher o seu método de trabalho, os
colegas de trabalho, as condições físicas do seu local de trabalho e a oportunidade de
utilizar as suas competências. Não se verificaram diferenças significativas na satisfação no trabalho em termos de género, contudo, verificaram-se algumas diferenças entre o título
profissional e entre os níveis de qualificações. Em relação à idade e experiência
profissional, os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas em quase todos os fatores,
sugerindo que à medida que os profissionais de fitness envelhecem e têm maior
experiência profissional, a sua satisfação no trabalho é maior. Em suma, esta tese permitiu
dar um contributo em termos de aumentar o conhecimento acerca dos profissionais de
fitness em Portugal. Este conhecimento possibilitará, no futuro, contribuir para a
melhoria das suas condições de trabalho e de vida bem como para uma melhor adaptação
da legislação que lhes está afeta. Considerando o papel decisor que estes profissionais
possuem no setor, esta pode ser uma contribuição importante para a continuação do
crescimento e desenvolvimento da indústria do fitness em Portugal.
The objective of this study was to characterize fitness professionals in Portugal regarding sociodemographic variables, aspects related to their intervention and job satisfaction. For that purpose, two instruments were built and validated, namely VidaProFit questionnaire - built and validated for the sociodemographic characterization and aspects related to the intervention of fitness professionals and the Job Satisfaction Scale, translated into Portuguese, adapted, and validated for measure job satisfaction also among fitness professionals. The VidaProFit questionnaire was built and validated following several methodological procedures and proved to be effective in achieving its objectives. Regarding the characterization of fitness professionals in Portugal, these are mostly young adults, single, without children, graduates and with less than a decade of professional experience, with a balance between female and male. Most of the fitness professionals work in group classes, exercise room and personal training and most of them work full time as a professional in the area, in gyms/health clubs, and perform their intervention in more than one place. Most of the professionals are self-employed and have a salary between €631.98-842.63. The average weekly working hours of professionals was 39.8 hours, with the majority having a weekly entry time at 7:00 am and go out of work at 9:00 pm. Older age and larger professional experience were found to be associated with a bigger number of hours of functions related to coordination tasks, seeming to indicate that as professionals have more age/experience, they perform more these types of functions. The Job Satisfaction Scale questionnaire, translated and validated for Portuguese and specifically for the population of fitness professionals, showed reliability and high psychometric properties, with a One-Dimensional Model (1 factor/16 items) being more adjusted and parsimonious. Regarding job satisfaction, fitness professionals are, in general, moderately satisfied with their work. The lowest values of satisfaction found were related to salary, opportunities for promotion and job stability, while the highest was related to the freedom to choose their method of work, co-workers, the physical conditions of their workplace and the opportunity to use their skills. There were no significant differences in job satisfaction in terms of gender, some differences between the professional title and between levels of educational qualifications. Regarding age and professional experience, the results showed significant differences in almost all factors, suggesting that as fitness professionals get older and have more professional experience, their job satisfaction is greater. In short, this thesis pretends to contribute in terms of increasing knowledge about fitness professionals in Portugal. This knowledge can make possible, in future, to contribute to the improvement of their working and living conditions as well as to a better adaptation of the legislation that affects them. Considering the decisive role that these professionals have in the sector, this can be an important contribution to the continued growth and development of the fitness industry in Portugal.
The objective of this study was to characterize fitness professionals in Portugal regarding sociodemographic variables, aspects related to their intervention and job satisfaction. For that purpose, two instruments were built and validated, namely VidaProFit questionnaire - built and validated for the sociodemographic characterization and aspects related to the intervention of fitness professionals and the Job Satisfaction Scale, translated into Portuguese, adapted, and validated for measure job satisfaction also among fitness professionals. The VidaProFit questionnaire was built and validated following several methodological procedures and proved to be effective in achieving its objectives. Regarding the characterization of fitness professionals in Portugal, these are mostly young adults, single, without children, graduates and with less than a decade of professional experience, with a balance between female and male. Most of the fitness professionals work in group classes, exercise room and personal training and most of them work full time as a professional in the area, in gyms/health clubs, and perform their intervention in more than one place. Most of the professionals are self-employed and have a salary between €631.98-842.63. The average weekly working hours of professionals was 39.8 hours, with the majority having a weekly entry time at 7:00 am and go out of work at 9:00 pm. Older age and larger professional experience were found to be associated with a bigger number of hours of functions related to coordination tasks, seeming to indicate that as professionals have more age/experience, they perform more these types of functions. The Job Satisfaction Scale questionnaire, translated and validated for Portuguese and specifically for the population of fitness professionals, showed reliability and high psychometric properties, with a One-Dimensional Model (1 factor/16 items) being more adjusted and parsimonious. Regarding job satisfaction, fitness professionals are, in general, moderately satisfied with their work. The lowest values of satisfaction found were related to salary, opportunities for promotion and job stability, while the highest was related to the freedom to choose their method of work, co-workers, the physical conditions of their workplace and the opportunity to use their skills. There were no significant differences in job satisfaction in terms of gender, some differences between the professional title and between levels of educational qualifications. Regarding age and professional experience, the results showed significant differences in almost all factors, suggesting that as fitness professionals get older and have more professional experience, their job satisfaction is greater. In short, this thesis pretends to contribute in terms of increasing knowledge about fitness professionals in Portugal. This knowledge can make possible, in future, to contribute to the improvement of their working and living conditions as well as to a better adaptation of the legislation that affects them. Considering the decisive role that these professionals have in the sector, this can be an important contribution to the continued growth and development of the fitness industry in Portugal.
Description
Keywords
Fitness Profissionais de Fitness Caracterização Satisfação no trabalho Job Satisfaction Scale Escala de Satisfação Profissional