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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo parte de uma inquietação em explorar e entender como se pode levar a cabo
um projeto de arquitetura em paisagens sensíveis, entendidas aqui como áreas da
superfície terrestre onde a interação entre elementos bióticos, abióticos e antrópicos,
criam um ecossistema único e delicado. Esta investigação busca assim refletir sobre o
modo como os espaços naturais estão a dar espaço a novas construções, alterando de forma
significativa e permanente a paisagem e o ecossistema, tentando perceber de que forma
essa tendência pode (ou não) ser contrariada. É elaborada uma investigação sobre o
diálogo estabelecido entre a arquitetura e a natureza, desde uma fase primordial, e os
benefícios que daí podem ser extraídos, nomeadamente para a habitação – tipologia
escolhida para esta investigação uma vez que apresenta por um lado, uma escala
doméstica, menos sujeita ao escrutínio das entidades reguladoras e, por outro lado, como
tipologia com maior prevalência nestes territórios.
Partindo da clarificação de diversos conceitos - natureza, território, impacte e paisagem
natural e artificial - bem como dos instrumentos de gestão territorial a eles associados,
pretendemos perceber de que forma a prática arquitetónica pode dar uma resposta efetiva
e contribuir para a preservação do território natural, numa relação de respeito e lógica de
boas-práticas. Elabora-se sobre os conceitos de tectónico e estereotómico enquanto
categorias operativas vinculadas à relação que o edifício estabelece com a terra e os
elementos que se desligam dela, lançando a hipótese de que estas categorias podem ser
ferramentas úteis para apoiar a prática de intervenção em territórios sensíveis e contribuir
para a minimização do impacte, promovendo a sua preservação e proteção.
Para a construção de uma voz argumentada, são analisados oito casos de estudo, onde se
explora o potencial dos conceitos de tectónico e estereotómico enquanto ferramentas
operativas que orientam o desenho arquitetónico em articulação com a topografia e com
os elementos naturais. Estas categorias são transportadas para os casos de estudo
selecionados, partindo da Casa Cap Ferret, dos Lacaton & Vassal que representa um caso
exemplar, no que toca ao respeito e integração pela paisagem e natureza, com o propósito
de construir uma análise comparativa alusiva ao impacte ambiental e visual associado e da
análise do carácter reversível de cada processo construtivo, através da avaliação da
capacidade do sistema e do ambiente voltarem ao estado inicial de equilíbrio, sem deixar
marcas definitivas no território.
This study stems from a concern to explore and understand how an architectural project can be carried out in sensitive landscapes, defined here as areas of the Earth’s surface where the interaction between biotic, abiotic, and anthropic elements creates a unique and delicate ecosystem. This research seeks to reflect on how natural spaces are making way for new constructions, significantly and permanently altering the landscape and ecosystem, attempting to understand how this trend can (or cannot) be countered. Na investigation is conducted on the established dialogue between architecture and nature, from a primordial phase, and the benefits that can be derived from it, particularly for housing – the chosen typology for this research, as it presents, on the one hand, a domestic scale less subject to scrutiny from regulatory entities and, on the other hand, as a typology more prevalent in these territories. Starting with the clarification of various concepts – nature, territory, impact, and natural and artificial landscape – as well as the associated territorial management instruments, we aim to understand how architectural practice can provide na effective response, contributing to the preservation of natural territory in a relationship of respect and good practices logic. The study delves into the concepts of tectonic and stereotomic as operative categories linked to the relationship that the building establishes with the land and the elements that detach from it. The hypothesis is raised that these categories can be useful tools to support intervention practices in sensitive territories and contribute to minimizing impact, promoting their preservation, and protection. To construct an informed argument, eight case studies are analyzed, exploring the potential of tectonic and stereotomic concepts as operative tools guiding architectural design in conjunction with topography and natural elements. These categories are applied to the selected case studies, starting with the Cap Ferret House by Lacaton & Vassal, which represents an exemplary case regarding respect and integration with the landscape and nature. The goal is to build a comparative analysis related to the associated environmental and visual impact and the assessment of the reversible nature of each construction process by evaluating the system’s ability and the environment to return to the initial state of equilibrium without leaving permanent marks on the territory.
This study stems from a concern to explore and understand how an architectural project can be carried out in sensitive landscapes, defined here as areas of the Earth’s surface where the interaction between biotic, abiotic, and anthropic elements creates a unique and delicate ecosystem. This research seeks to reflect on how natural spaces are making way for new constructions, significantly and permanently altering the landscape and ecosystem, attempting to understand how this trend can (or cannot) be countered. Na investigation is conducted on the established dialogue between architecture and nature, from a primordial phase, and the benefits that can be derived from it, particularly for housing – the chosen typology for this research, as it presents, on the one hand, a domestic scale less subject to scrutiny from regulatory entities and, on the other hand, as a typology more prevalent in these territories. Starting with the clarification of various concepts – nature, territory, impact, and natural and artificial landscape – as well as the associated territorial management instruments, we aim to understand how architectural practice can provide na effective response, contributing to the preservation of natural territory in a relationship of respect and good practices logic. The study delves into the concepts of tectonic and stereotomic as operative categories linked to the relationship that the building establishes with the land and the elements that detach from it. The hypothesis is raised that these categories can be useful tools to support intervention practices in sensitive territories and contribute to minimizing impact, promoting their preservation, and protection. To construct an informed argument, eight case studies are analyzed, exploring the potential of tectonic and stereotomic concepts as operative tools guiding architectural design in conjunction with topography and natural elements. These categories are applied to the selected case studies, starting with the Cap Ferret House by Lacaton & Vassal, which represents an exemplary case regarding respect and integration with the landscape and nature. The goal is to build a comparative analysis related to the associated environmental and visual impact and the assessment of the reversible nature of each construction process by evaluating the system’s ability and the environment to return to the initial state of equilibrium without leaving permanent marks on the territory.
Description
Keywords
Arquitetura Habitação Natureza Paisagem Portugal Territórios Sensíveis