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Satisfação com a Vida e Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo numa amostra de Professores do Ensino Básico e Secundário
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Abstract(s)
Este estudo pretende, em termos gerais, analisar a Satisfação com a Vida (SCV) e o Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo (FPP) junto de professores do ensino básico e secundário, à luz das abordagens decorrentes da Psicologia Positiva. O FPP relaciona-se com o desenvolvimento e com o ajustamento pessoal, tendo impacto nas várias áreas da vida do indivíduo. Assim, é importante analisar este construto junto de professores para que se possam desenvolver, nas instituições de ensino e na prática psicológica nos contextos clínico e da saúde, intervenções mais eficazes tendo em vista a promoção do seu bem-estar e sucesso profissional. Mais especificamente, pretende-se analisar a relação entre a SCV e o FPP, assim como a relação destes construtos com algumas variáveis pessoais dos professores, designadamente: sexo, idade, tempo de serviço, relação conjugal, existência de doença diagnosticada e deslocação do local de residência. Participaram no estudo 116 professores dos ensinos básico e secundário, a lecionar em escolas públicas portuguesas, com idades compreendidas entre os 26 e os 59 anos (M= 45.2), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (n=81; 69.8%). Além de um questionário com informação sociodemográfica e profissional, foi utilizada a Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS – Diener et al., 1985) e a Escala de Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo (EFPP - Merino & Privado, 2015). Os resultados apontam para níveis favoráveis de SCV e de FPP, tal como é de esperar em populações não clínicas. Na amostra global, as dimensões do FPP com valores médios inferiores situaram-se no Domínio do Meio, na Vitalidade e no Otimismo. O grupo de professores mais velhos e com maior tempo de serviço apresentou maior Satisfação com a Vida. O grupo com mais tempo de serviço apresentou, ainda, resultados significativamente superiores na dimensão Domínio do Meio. Verificaram-se diferenças com significado estatístico na SCV e no Otimismo em função da relação conjugal, sendo os resultados mais desfavoráveis no grupo de participantes que referiu não possuir uma relação estável. As perceções de Autonomia e de Vitalidade dos professores sem doença diagnosticada foram mais favoráveis, face ao grupo de professores com alguma doença. No que se reporta à deslocação da área de residência, o grupo de professores deslocados que regressam diariamente a casa obteve uma média superior na subescala Humor, face ao grupo de professores não deslocados. Não se verificaram diferenças na SWLS e na EFPP em função da variável sexo. Em conclusão, considera-se que o presente estudo pode contribuir no sentido de conhecer e compreender melhor esta realidade com o objetivo de implementação de medidas futuras que possam promover a melhoria do bem-estar neste grupo de profissionais.
This study aims, broadly speaking, to analyze Life Satisfaction (SCV) and Positive Psychological Functioning (PPF) among primary and secondary school teachers, in the light of the approaches derived from Positive Psychology. The FPP is related to development and personal adjustment, impacting the various areas of the individual's life. Thus, it is important to analyze this construct with teachers so that more effective interventions can be developed in educational institutions and psychological practice in the clinical and health contexts to promote their wellbeing and professional success. More specifically, it is intended to analyze the relationship between SCV and FPP, as well as the relationship of these constructs with some personal variables of teachers, namely: gender, age, length of service, marital relationship, existence of diagnosed disease and location of residence. A total of 116 primary and secondary school teachers participated in the study, teaching in portuguese public schools, aged 26-59 (M=45.2), the majority being female (n=81, 69.8%). In addition to a questionnaire with sociodemographic and professional information, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS - Diener et al., 1985) and the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale (EFPP - Merino & Private, 2015) were used. The results point to favorable levels of SCV and PPF, as expected in non-clinical populations. In the global sample, the FPP dimensions with lower mean values were in the Environment Domain, Vitality and Optimism. The group of older teachers with a longer period of service showed greater Satisfaction With Life. The group with longer service time also had significantly higher results in the Environment Domain dimension. Statistically significant differences were found in SCV and Optimism as a function of the marital relationship, with the most unfavorable results in the group of participants who did not have a stable relationship. The perceptions of Autonomy and Vitality of teachers without diagnosed disease were more favorable, compared to the group of teachers with some disease. Regarding the displacement of the area of residence, the group of displaced teachers who return home daily obtained a higher average in the Humor sub-scale, compared to the group of non-displaced teachers. There were no differences in SWLS and EFPP depending on gender. In conclusion, it is considered that the present study can contribute to better understand and understand this reality with the objective of implementing future measures that may promote the improvement of well-being in this group of professionals.
This study aims, broadly speaking, to analyze Life Satisfaction (SCV) and Positive Psychological Functioning (PPF) among primary and secondary school teachers, in the light of the approaches derived from Positive Psychology. The FPP is related to development and personal adjustment, impacting the various areas of the individual's life. Thus, it is important to analyze this construct with teachers so that more effective interventions can be developed in educational institutions and psychological practice in the clinical and health contexts to promote their wellbeing and professional success. More specifically, it is intended to analyze the relationship between SCV and FPP, as well as the relationship of these constructs with some personal variables of teachers, namely: gender, age, length of service, marital relationship, existence of diagnosed disease and location of residence. A total of 116 primary and secondary school teachers participated in the study, teaching in portuguese public schools, aged 26-59 (M=45.2), the majority being female (n=81, 69.8%). In addition to a questionnaire with sociodemographic and professional information, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS - Diener et al., 1985) and the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale (EFPP - Merino & Private, 2015) were used. The results point to favorable levels of SCV and PPF, as expected in non-clinical populations. In the global sample, the FPP dimensions with lower mean values were in the Environment Domain, Vitality and Optimism. The group of older teachers with a longer period of service showed greater Satisfaction With Life. The group with longer service time also had significantly higher results in the Environment Domain dimension. Statistically significant differences were found in SCV and Optimism as a function of the marital relationship, with the most unfavorable results in the group of participants who did not have a stable relationship. The perceptions of Autonomy and Vitality of teachers without diagnosed disease were more favorable, compared to the group of teachers with some disease. Regarding the displacement of the area of residence, the group of displaced teachers who return home daily obtained a higher average in the Humor sub-scale, compared to the group of non-displaced teachers. There were no differences in SWLS and EFPP depending on gender. In conclusion, it is considered that the present study can contribute to better understand and understand this reality with the objective of implementing future measures that may promote the improvement of well-being in this group of professionals.
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Keywords
Funcionamento Psicológico Positivo Professores Satisfação Com A Vida