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Abstract(s)
objetivo desta investigação foi verificar os efeitos da variação da relação numérica e do espaço do jogo na carga externa, percepção de esforço e na ação tática individual do passe em jovens jogadores de futebol Sub-11, Sub-15 e Sub-23. Para isso, jogos reduzidos 4v2, 4v3, 4v4, 4v5 e 4v6 em posse de bola foram utilizados em diferentes espaços (pequeno, médio e grande). Em igualdade numérica (4v4), os resultados mostraram que a corrida de alta intensidade foi promovida em áreas de jogo maiores, onde os Sub-11 também foram capazes de executar mais ações de passe. Por outro lado, os Sub-23 realizaram mais ações de passe em áreas menores, onde os Sub-11 percecionaram o exercício mais intenso. Na análise da relação numérica, jogar em situações de alta inferioridade (4v2 e 4v6) aumenta a exigência física da equipa em número reduzido, enquanto formatos de baixa superioridade podem ser utilizados para ajustar a complexidade da tarefa enquanto se desenvolvem as ações táticas individuais de passe. Ao manipular o tamanho do campo em desigualdade numérica, formatos com áreas de jogo maiores e maior número de jogadores envolvidos estimula a corrida de alta intensidade, enquanto a mesma área com menor número de jogadores incita o desenvolvimento de ações táticas individuais. Também, áreas menores permitem reduzir o ritmo de jogo, especialmente em formatos de menor número. Na análise dos efeitos da idade, jogadores Sub-11 percorreram maiores distâncias em sprint, enquanto os Sub-23 caminharam mais e percecionaram a tarefa mais intensa. Jovens jogadores parecem beneficiar de um nível de oposição mais baixo, permitindo desenvolver as ações táticas individuais de passe sem pressão; inversamente, jogadores mais velhos parecem favorecer de formatos de inferioridade numérica para desenvolver a circulação rápida da bola. Treinadores e profissionais envolvidos no treino e desenvolvimento de jogadores de futebol em todas as faixas etárias devem estar cientes das principais variáveis destacadas nesta investigação antes de planear os treinos.
This investigation aimed to verify the effects of the variation of the numerical relationship and the playing area dimension on the external workload, rating of perceived exertion and tactical individual actions of passing on Under-11, Under-15 and Under-23 football players. Ball possession small-sided games 4v2, 4v3, 4v4, 4v5 and 4v6 were used in different playing area dimensions (small, medium and large). In the analysis of the balanced formats (4v4), results showed that high intensity running was promoted on larger playing areas, where Under-11s were also able to perform more tactical individual actions of passing. Opposite, U23s were able to perform more passing actions on smaller playing areas, where Under-11s perceived the task as more intense. When manipulating the number, playing in high inferiority formats (4v2 and 4v6) may be used to increase physical demand for the outnumbered team, while coaches may use low superiority scenarios to adjust the task complexity while developing players’ tactical individual actions. When manipulating the playing area dimension in unbalanced formats, larger playing areas with higher number of players promoted more high-intensity running, while the same area with fewer number of players fostered technical development. In terms of age-group analysis, smaller playing areas allowed to reduce game pace, especially in formats with fewer players. Generally, U11s covered more distances while sprinting, and U23s while walking as also as perceiving the task as more intense. Young players seem to benefit from a lower level of opposition, allowing to mature tactical individual actions without pressure; conversely, older players can develop fast ball circulation in numerical inferiority. Coaches and individuals involved with the training and development of football players across all age groups should then be aware of the key variables highlighted in this investigation before planning training drills.
This investigation aimed to verify the effects of the variation of the numerical relationship and the playing area dimension on the external workload, rating of perceived exertion and tactical individual actions of passing on Under-11, Under-15 and Under-23 football players. Ball possession small-sided games 4v2, 4v3, 4v4, 4v5 and 4v6 were used in different playing area dimensions (small, medium and large). In the analysis of the balanced formats (4v4), results showed that high intensity running was promoted on larger playing areas, where Under-11s were also able to perform more tactical individual actions of passing. Opposite, U23s were able to perform more passing actions on smaller playing areas, where Under-11s perceived the task as more intense. When manipulating the number, playing in high inferiority formats (4v2 and 4v6) may be used to increase physical demand for the outnumbered team, while coaches may use low superiority scenarios to adjust the task complexity while developing players’ tactical individual actions. When manipulating the playing area dimension in unbalanced formats, larger playing areas with higher number of players promoted more high-intensity running, while the same area with fewer number of players fostered technical development. In terms of age-group analysis, smaller playing areas allowed to reduce game pace, especially in formats with fewer players. Generally, U11s covered more distances while sprinting, and U23s while walking as also as perceiving the task as more intense. Young players seem to benefit from a lower level of opposition, allowing to mature tactical individual actions without pressure; conversely, older players can develop fast ball circulation in numerical inferiority. Coaches and individuals involved with the training and development of football players across all age groups should then be aware of the key variables highlighted in this investigation before planning training drills.
Description
Keywords
Jogos Reduzidos Desportos Coletivos Constrangimentos na Tarefa Design de Tarefas Prática Desenvolvimento de Jogadores Monitorização por GPS; Planeamento de Sessões Desenvolvimento do Treinador Aquisição de Competências Formato de Jogo