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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A asma é uma das doenças crónicas mais frequentes afetando cerca de 300 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. As doenças crónicas são doenças de evolução lenta, longa duração e que exigem um tratamento permanente, pelo que a adesão é um fator determinante no sucesso do tratamento e a não adesão é um dos principais problemas e desafios com que os profissionais de saúde se defrontam. Quem sofre desta doença tem um conjunto de fatores que podem contribuir para potenciar as crisesde asma, sendo o stress um dos mais importantes. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo passa pela avaliação dos níveis de adesão ao tratamento e dos níveis de vulnerabilidade ao stress numa amostra de doentes com asma.
Método:Esta investigação é constituída por uma amostra de 80 pessoas, com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 80 anos e com diagnóstico de asma que estão a ser seguidas na consulta externa de Pneumologia do Hospital Cova da Beira, na Covilhã. Para a respetiva avaliação foram utilizados três questionários: questionário sociodemográfico, Medida de Adesão ao Tratamento (Delgado & Lima, 2001) e Questionário de Vulnerabilidade ao Stress -23 _QVS (Vaz Serra, 2000).
Resultados:No que toca aos níveis de adesão ao tratamento, percebeu-se que 77,5% da população adere ao tratamento e 22,5% não adere, sendo que quem mais adere ao tratamento são as pessoas com escolaridade até ao 4º ano, com outros problemas de saúde crónicos e que utilizem comprimidos e bomba no tratamento. Já relativamente à vulnerabilidade ao stress, 73,8% não apresenta vulnerabilidade ao stress, enquanto 26,3% apresenta, no entanto não se verificaram diferençasestatisticamente significativasem relação às variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas.
Conclusão:Apesar de neste estudo, não se terem verificado baixos níveis de adesão ao tratamento, é importante avaliar os fatores que contribuem para a não-adesão o mais precocemente possível. Apesar de também os níveis de vulnerabilidade ao stress serem pouco elevados é importante reforçar a necessidade de apoio psicológico, pois esta doença acarreta muitos sentimentos e emoções negativas e o stress é um dos que está mais visível, desempenhando um papel importante no desencadear de crises.
Introduction:Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases, affecting about 300 million people worldwide. Chronic diseases are slow-growing and long-lasting diseases that require permanent treatment, so adherence is a determining factor in treatment success, and noncompliance is one of the main problems and challenges faced by health professionals. Those suffering from this disease have a set of factors that can contribute to potentiate asthma crises, being stress one of the most important. In this sense, the general objective of this study is to evaluate the levels of adherence to treatment and levels of vulnerability to stress in a sample of patients with asthma. Method: This investigation consists in a sample of 80 people diagnosed with asthma who are being followed at the external pulmonology clinic of Cova da Beira Hospital, in Covilhã. This sample consists of ages between 20 and 80 years. Three questionnaires were used for the respective evaluation: sociodemographic questionnaire, Measure of Adherence to Treatment (Delgado & Lima, 2001) and Stress Vulnerability Questionnaire -23 _QVS (Vaz Serra, 2000). Results:Regarding the levels of adherence to treatment, it was observed that 77.5% of the population adheres to the treatment and 22.5% don’t adhere, being the ones that most adheres to the treatment, people with schooling up to the 4th year, with other health problems and using pills and pump in the treatment. Regarding vulnerability to stress, 73.8% didn’t present vulnerability to stress, while 26.3% presented, but there were no statistically significant differences in relation to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Conclusion:Although in this study there were no low levels of adherence to treatment, it is important to evaluate the factors that contribute to non-adherence as early as possible. Although the levels of vulnerability to stress are also low, it is important to reinforce the need for psychological support, as this disease causes many negative feelings and emotions, and stress is one of the most visible, playing an important role in triggering crises.
Introduction:Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases, affecting about 300 million people worldwide. Chronic diseases are slow-growing and long-lasting diseases that require permanent treatment, so adherence is a determining factor in treatment success, and noncompliance is one of the main problems and challenges faced by health professionals. Those suffering from this disease have a set of factors that can contribute to potentiate asthma crises, being stress one of the most important. In this sense, the general objective of this study is to evaluate the levels of adherence to treatment and levels of vulnerability to stress in a sample of patients with asthma. Method: This investigation consists in a sample of 80 people diagnosed with asthma who are being followed at the external pulmonology clinic of Cova da Beira Hospital, in Covilhã. This sample consists of ages between 20 and 80 years. Three questionnaires were used for the respective evaluation: sociodemographic questionnaire, Measure of Adherence to Treatment (Delgado & Lima, 2001) and Stress Vulnerability Questionnaire -23 _QVS (Vaz Serra, 2000). Results:Regarding the levels of adherence to treatment, it was observed that 77.5% of the population adheres to the treatment and 22.5% don’t adhere, being the ones that most adheres to the treatment, people with schooling up to the 4th year, with other health problems and using pills and pump in the treatment. Regarding vulnerability to stress, 73.8% didn’t present vulnerability to stress, while 26.3% presented, but there were no statistically significant differences in relation to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Conclusion:Although in this study there were no low levels of adherence to treatment, it is important to evaluate the factors that contribute to non-adherence as early as possible. Although the levels of vulnerability to stress are also low, it is important to reinforce the need for psychological support, as this disease causes many negative feelings and emotions, and stress is one of the most visible, playing an important role in triggering crises.
Description
Keywords
Adesão Ao Tratamento Asma Stress Vulnerabilidade Ao Stress