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ReWoodenTex: Sustentabilidade e Valorização de Resíduos Industriais por Meio de Compósitos de Fibras Naturais de Madeira e Linho
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A sustentabilidade é cada vez mais reconhecida como uma prioridade global, sendo o
conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável adotado por governos, organizações e pela
sociedade em geral. Um ponto central deste conceito é a economia circular, que visa
reduzir o desperdício e reutilizar recursos, gerando benefícios económicos e ambientais.
Com a crescente produção de resíduos, particularmente industriais, a gestão eficaz dos
mesmos torna-se imprescindível. Neste contexto, os materiais compósitos surgem como
uma solução promissora para a gestão de resíduos industriais. Esta dissertação foca-se
em dar continuidade aos avanços conseguidos nas práticas de economia circular através
do desenvolvimento de um material compósito sustentável utilizando resíduos
industriais de madeira e outras fibras naturais. Assim, foram fabricados painéis
sanduíche com uma matriz epóxi reforçada com resíduos de madeira no núcleo e fibras
de linho nas camadas externas.
A metodologia foi iniciada pela separação dos resíduos de madeira por tamanho e
granulometria. Os resíduos foram adicionados à matriz nas dimensões e percentagem
ideal determinada por testes mecânicos. De seguida, foi fabricada a sanduíche, através
do método de moldação manual, e determinadas as suas propriedades mecânicas.
Os ensaios de flexão revelaram que o reforço com fibras de linho aumentou
significativamente a resistência à flexão do material devido à sua rigidez. A resistência à
compressão lateral e horizontal da sanduíche foi de 61 MPa e 97 MPa, respetivamente,
indicando um bom desempenho. Nos testes de relaxação de tensões, ocorre a redução da
tensão ao longo do tempo e os dados experimentais foram ajustados com sucesso pelo
modelo de Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW), a curto e longo prazo. Em termos de
fluência, o deslocamento aumenta ao longo do tempo e o modelo KWW foi preferível
para previsões a curto prazo e o modelo de Findley para previsões a longo prazo.
Embora o custo de produção seja relativamente elevado, os benefícios ecológicos e as
propriedades mecânicas favoráveis podem justificar esse custo em aplicações específicas.
Sustainability is increasingly recognized as a global priority, with the concept of sustainable development being adopted by governments, organizations and society at large. A key aspect of this concept is the circular economy, which aims to reduce waste and maximize resource reuse, offering both economic and environmental benefits. With the growing production of waste, particularly industrial waste, effective waste management becomes crucial. In this context, composite materials emerge as a promising solution for industrial waste management. This dissertation focuses on advancing circular economy practices through the development of a sustainable composite material using wood waste and other natural fibers. Sandwich panels were produced with an epoxy resin matrix reinforced with wood waste in the core and flax fibers in the outer layers. The methodology began with the separation of wood waste by size and granulation. The waste was added to the matrix in the optimum size and percentage determined by mechanical tests. The sandwich was then manufactured using the manual moulding method and its mechanical properties were determined. Flexural tests revealed that the reinforcement with flax fibers significantly increased the material's flexural strength due to its rigidity. The lateral and horizontal compressive strength of the sandwich was 61 MPa and 97 MPa respectively, indicating good performance. In the stress relaxation tests, stress reduction occurs over time and the experimental data was successfully fitted by the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) model in the short and long term. In terms of creep, displacement increases over time and the KWW model was preferable for short-term predictions and the Findley model for long-term predictions. Although the production cost is relatively high, the ecological benefits and favorable mechanical properties may justify this cost for specific applications.
Sustainability is increasingly recognized as a global priority, with the concept of sustainable development being adopted by governments, organizations and society at large. A key aspect of this concept is the circular economy, which aims to reduce waste and maximize resource reuse, offering both economic and environmental benefits. With the growing production of waste, particularly industrial waste, effective waste management becomes crucial. In this context, composite materials emerge as a promising solution for industrial waste management. This dissertation focuses on advancing circular economy practices through the development of a sustainable composite material using wood waste and other natural fibers. Sandwich panels were produced with an epoxy resin matrix reinforced with wood waste in the core and flax fibers in the outer layers. The methodology began with the separation of wood waste by size and granulation. The waste was added to the matrix in the optimum size and percentage determined by mechanical tests. The sandwich was then manufactured using the manual moulding method and its mechanical properties were determined. Flexural tests revealed that the reinforcement with flax fibers significantly increased the material's flexural strength due to its rigidity. The lateral and horizontal compressive strength of the sandwich was 61 MPa and 97 MPa respectively, indicating good performance. In the stress relaxation tests, stress reduction occurs over time and the experimental data was successfully fitted by the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) model in the short and long term. In terms of creep, displacement increases over time and the KWW model was preferable for short-term predictions and the Findley model for long-term predictions. Although the production cost is relatively high, the ecological benefits and favorable mechanical properties may justify this cost for specific applications.
Description
Keywords
Fibras de Linho Compósitos Fibras Naturais Gestão de Resíduos Matriz Epóxi Propriedades Mecânicas. Resíduos de Madeira Sanduíche