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Authors
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Na prática médica, para uma melhor prestação de cuidados de saúde, além
do conhecimento científico, é necessária uma boa relação médico-utente, que é
estabelecida com base em aspectos fundamentais como a empatia e a auto-compaixão.
Objetivo: Averiguar a percepção da Empatia e Auto-compaixão nos estudantes do
Mestrado Integrado de Medicina da Universidade da Beira Interior (MIM-UBI), avaliar
se existe mudança na percepção destes conceitos ao longo do curso e se existe correlação
entre os dois conceitos.
Materiais e Métodos: Amostra de 310 estudantes do MIM-UBI. Foi aplicado um
questionário sociodemográfico, o Índice de Reactividade Interpessoal (IRI) e a Escala de
Auto-Compaixão (SCS). Para tratamento estatístico dos dados recorreu-se a uma análise
descritiva dos dados e também metodologias inferenciais como o Teste t para amostras
independentes, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA e Kruskal-Wallis. Para avaliação da correlação
entre o IRI e a SCS utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação Ró de Spearman. Considerouse estatisticamente significativo p<0,05.
Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que os estudantes do sexo feminino apresentam
valores mais elevados de empatia (Tomada de perspectiva (p<0,456), Preocupação
empática (p<0,001), Desconforto pessoal (p<0,001) e Fantasia (p<0,001)) e valores
mais baixos de auto-compaixão (p<0,001) relativamente ao sexo masculino. Verificámos
valores de auto-compaixão mais baixos em estudantes com doença crónica (p<0,001).
Em estudantes com um familiar com doença crónica verificaram-se valores de empatia
mais baixos (Tomada de perspectiva (p<0,014), Preocupação empática (p<0,063),
Desconforto pessoal (p<0,486) e Fantasia (p<0,326). Foi observada uma correlação
entre valores elevados de auto-compaixão e de empatia.
Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados mostram as diferenças sexuais na empatia e autocompaixão e o impacto da doença crónica na saúde mental e bem-estar dos estudantes.
Destaca-se a relevância da implementação de programas de treino de empatia e autocompaixão no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Introduction: In the medical pratice, for a better care, besides scientific knowledge, is necessary a good realtionship between physician and patient. That relationship is based in some essential aspects as empathy and self-compassion. Purpose: Investigate the perception of Empathy and Self-compassion in students of Medicine Masters’ Degree in of Universidade da Beira Interior, assess if there is a change of perception throughout the course and whether there is a correlation between these two concepts. Materials and Methods: Study sample of 310 MIM-UBI students. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were applied. For statistical treatment of the data, a descriptive analysis of the data was used and inferential methodologies such as the t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis. To evaluate the correlation between IRI and SCS, Spearman Rho correlation coefficient was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results revealed that female students have higher empathy values (Perspective Taking (p<0.456), Empathic Concern (p<0.001), Personal Discomfort (p<0.001) and Fantasy (p<0.001)) and lower values of self-compassion (p<0.001) compared to males. We found lower self-compassion values in students with chronic illness (p<0.001). In students with a family member with chronic illness, there were lower empathy values (Perspective Taking (p<0.014), Empathic Concern (p<0.063), Personal Discomfort (p<0.486) and Fantasy (p<0.326). A correlation was observed between high values of self-compassion and empathy. Conclusion: The findings show the sexual differences in empathy and self-compassion and the impact of chronic illness in the mental health and well-being of students. The relevance of implementing empathy and self-compassion training programs in the teaching-learning process is highlighted.
Introduction: In the medical pratice, for a better care, besides scientific knowledge, is necessary a good realtionship between physician and patient. That relationship is based in some essential aspects as empathy and self-compassion. Purpose: Investigate the perception of Empathy and Self-compassion in students of Medicine Masters’ Degree in of Universidade da Beira Interior, assess if there is a change of perception throughout the course and whether there is a correlation between these two concepts. Materials and Methods: Study sample of 310 MIM-UBI students. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were applied. For statistical treatment of the data, a descriptive analysis of the data was used and inferential methodologies such as the t-test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis. To evaluate the correlation between IRI and SCS, Spearman Rho correlation coefficient was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results revealed that female students have higher empathy values (Perspective Taking (p<0.456), Empathic Concern (p<0.001), Personal Discomfort (p<0.001) and Fantasy (p<0.001)) and lower values of self-compassion (p<0.001) compared to males. We found lower self-compassion values in students with chronic illness (p<0.001). In students with a family member with chronic illness, there were lower empathy values (Perspective Taking (p<0.014), Empathic Concern (p<0.063), Personal Discomfort (p<0.486) and Fantasy (p<0.326). A correlation was observed between high values of self-compassion and empathy. Conclusion: The findings show the sexual differences in empathy and self-compassion and the impact of chronic illness in the mental health and well-being of students. The relevance of implementing empathy and self-compassion training programs in the teaching-learning process is highlighted.
Description
Keywords
Auto-Compaixão Empatia Escala de Auto-Compaixão Estudantes Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal Iri Medicina Scs