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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Insuficiência Cardíaca é uma síndrome clínica com uma prevalência de 22 milhões de adultos no mundo; a sua incidência global é de aproximadamente 2 milhões de novos casos por ano.(1)
A disfunção cardíaca gera várias patologias do foro respiratório, com diversas manifestações clínicas. A associação entre Insuficiência Cardíaca Esquerda e respiração sibilante/pieira define o termo “Asma Cardíaca”, assim chamado pela primeira vez por Hope, Osler e McKenzie em 1835 (2). Esta condição representa cerca de 1/3 das apresentações clínicas nos doentes idosos (3, 4). Os mecanismos que envolvem esta condição clínica ainda são obscuros (2, 3), tanto a nível da fisiopatologia como do seu diagnóstico, e da terapêutica adequada a estes casos.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão sobre Asma Cardíaca, nomeadamente as características clínicas que a definem, quais os mecanismos fisiopatológicos que a caracterizam, as suas manifestações clínicas, outras condições associadas e a sua inter-relação, os meios complementares de diagnóstico utilizados para o seu esclarecimento e as atitudes terapêuticas atuais. Pretende-se ainda estudar quais os novos desenvolvimentos científicos e abordagens nesta área, fazendo um ponto da situação sobre o estado da arte.
Para cumprir estes objetivos, foi efetuada uma pesquisa/revisão da literatura médica baseada nos seguintes termos: Cardiac Asthma, Pulmonary Manifestations of Left Heart Failure, Heart Failure Symptoms, Cardiac Wheeze. Esta pesquisa recorrerá a conhecimentos nas áreas de fisiologia, patologia médica, cardiologia, pneumologia e imagiologia.
Heart Failure is a clinical syndrome that affects 22 millions of adults worldwide. Its incidence is approximately 2 million cases per year.(1) Cardiac dysfunction is related with a various number of respiratory pathologies, which of them with several clinical manifestations. The association between Left Heart Failure and wheezing defines Cardiac Asthma, a term recognized for the first time by Hope, Osler and McKenzie in 1835.(2) It represents one third of clinical forms in elderly patients (3, 4). The physiopathologic mechanisms, ways of diagnosing and therapeutics of this condition are still obscure (2, 3). The present study aims to be a review about Cardiac Asthma, specifically about its clinical features, associated physiopathology, clinical manifestations, associated clinical conditions and their relationship, adequate diagnosing exams and therapy. With this work, I also look forward to study which are the new scientific approaches in this area, as well as making a summary about the state of art. Thus, this is a research/review of medical literature based on the following keywords: Cardiac Asthma, Pulmonary Manifestations of Left Heart Failure, Heart Failure Symptoms, Cardiac Wheeze. This research will be based on notions of medicine, medical pathology, cardiology, pulmonology and medical imaging.
Heart Failure is a clinical syndrome that affects 22 millions of adults worldwide. Its incidence is approximately 2 million cases per year.(1) Cardiac dysfunction is related with a various number of respiratory pathologies, which of them with several clinical manifestations. The association between Left Heart Failure and wheezing defines Cardiac Asthma, a term recognized for the first time by Hope, Osler and McKenzie in 1835.(2) It represents one third of clinical forms in elderly patients (3, 4). The physiopathologic mechanisms, ways of diagnosing and therapeutics of this condition are still obscure (2, 3). The present study aims to be a review about Cardiac Asthma, specifically about its clinical features, associated physiopathology, clinical manifestations, associated clinical conditions and their relationship, adequate diagnosing exams and therapy. With this work, I also look forward to study which are the new scientific approaches in this area, as well as making a summary about the state of art. Thus, this is a research/review of medical literature based on the following keywords: Cardiac Asthma, Pulmonary Manifestations of Left Heart Failure, Heart Failure Symptoms, Cardiac Wheeze. This research will be based on notions of medicine, medical pathology, cardiology, pulmonology and medical imaging.
Description
Keywords
Cardiac Asthma Cardiac Wheeze Heart Failure Symptoms Pulmonary Manifestations of Left Heart Failure