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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho encontra-se dividido em dois capítulos: o Capítulo I que diz
respeito à vertente da investigação e o Capítulo II referente à experiência
profissionalizante na vertente da Farmácia Comunitária.
Relativamente ao Capítulo I, sabe-se que o sono é um mecanismo complexo essencial à
vida humana. A insónia é o distúrbio de sono mais prevalente, sobretudo em indivíduos
do sexo feminino. Contudo, os fármacos sedativos usados para o seu tratamento estão
associados a inúmeros efeitos secundários e dependência. Deste modo, a procura por
alternativas naturais e complementares para a indução do sono é cada vez maior. Assim
surge o tema do projeto referente à componente de investigação, na qual é abordada a
temática da prevalência do consumo de suplementos naturais indutores de sono pelos
alunos da Universidade da Beira Interior.
Realizou-se um estudo com base em 546 inquéritos preenchidos online na plataforma
Google Forms, exclusivamente pelos alunos da Universidade da Beira Interior, que
garantiram a representatividade da amostra no ano letivo 2019/2020. O tratamento
dos dados foi realizado no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).
A amostra é constituída por estudantes com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 40
anos, sendo que um maior número de participantes integra o sexo feminino (75,27%) e
a Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (45,05%). Relativamente ao sono, 30,04% dos
indivíduos dormem entre 7 a 8h e 35,71% consideram que a qualidade do seu sono é
“boa”. As insónias afetam 85,90% dos alunos e podem estar relacionadas com diversas
causas e inúmeras consequências, nomeadamente cansaço (72,34%) e stress (67,77%),
entre outras. A qualidade do sono alterou-se com a entrada na universidade em 78,02%
dos alunos, que admitem faltar às aulas por dormir mal devido, sobretudo, ao aumento
da ansiedade (81,69%) e às excessivas horas de estudo (61,74%). Alguns problemas de
saúde e a ausência da prática de exercício físico podem contribuir para aumentar esta
perturbação do sono.
Os suplementos naturais indutores de sono são usados por apenas 30,59% dos
inquiridos, dos quais, 57,49% usam a valeriana. Estas substâncias são
preferencialmente adquiridas na farmácia (68,26%) e consumidas sob a forma de
comprimidos (64,67%). Com a sua utilização, 56,89% dos alunos consideram que a
qualidade do sono é “melhor”. Apesar da possibilidade de interações medicamentosas e de efeitos secundários serem raros, 59,98% dos inquiridos possuem conhecimento da
existência dos mesmos e 86,23% consideram que o aconselhamento dos suplementos
naturais por parte dos profissionais de saúde é importante, sendo que, 54,90% e
39,22% dos estudantes procuram opinião de médicos e farmacêuticos, respetivamente.
No entanto, apenas 12,57% dos alunos que recorrem a estas substâncias admitiram
sentir efeitos secundários, principalmente sonolência excessiva (76,19%), náuseas e
vómitos (38,10%) e tonturas e fraqueza (38,10%), os quais podem estar relacionados
com o tipo de suplemento utilizado para efeitos sedativos.
Finalmente, o Capítulo II caracteriza toda a experiência vivenciada na Farmácia
Confiança, em Bragança. O estágio permitiu desenvolver competências e compreender
o papel do farmacêutico comunitário, enquanto especialista do medicamento, através
da promoção da saúde, do bem-estar e do uso racional do medicamento. Neste ponto
são, ainda, abordadas diferentes áreas de intervenção: gestão de encomendas,
contabilidade, aconselhamento e dispensa de medicamentos e outros produtos de
saúde, farmacovigilância, entre outros.
The present work is divided into two chapters: Chapter I, concerning the research aspect, and Chapter II, which refers to the professional experience in the field of Community Pharmacy. Regarding Chapter I, it is known that sleep is a complex mechanism essential to human life, and insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder, especially in females. However, the sedative drugs used for its treatment are associated with numerous side effects and dependence. Thus, searching for natural and complementary alternatives for sleep induction is increasing. This is how the theme of the project related to the research component arises, in which the theme of the prevalence of consumption of natural sleep-inducing supplements by students at the University of Beira Interior is addressed. A study was carried out based on 546 online surveys on the Google Forms platform, exclusively by students from the University of Beira Interior, which ensured the representativeness of the sample in the 2019/2020 school year. Data treatment was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The sample consisted of students aged between 18 and 40 years old, with a greater number of participants being female (75.27%) and studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences (45.05%). Regarding sleep, 30,04% of individuals sleep between 7 to 8 hours/day and 35.71% consider that the quality of their sleep is “good”. Insomnia affects 85.90% of students and can be related to various causes and numerous consequences, including tiredness (72.34%) and stress (67.77%), among others. The quality of sleep changed with the entrance to university in 78.02% of the students, who admit that they miss classes because they sleep poorly mainly due to the increase in anxiety (81.69%) and excessive hours of study (61.74%). Some health problems and the lack of practising physical exercise can contribute to increase this sleep disturbance. Natural sleep-inducing supplements are used by only 30.59% of respondents, of which 57.49% use valerian. These substances are preferably purchased at the pharmacy (68.26%) and consumed in the form of tablets (64.67%). With its use, 56.89% of students consider that the quality of sleep is “better”. Despite the possibility of drug interactions and side effects being rare, 59.98% of respondents are aware of their existence and 86.23% consider that the advice of natural supplements by health professionals is important, since 54.90% and 39.22% of students seek advice from doctors and pharmacists, respectively. However, only 12.57% of students who use these substances admitted to experience side effects, mainly excessive sleepiness (76.19%), nausea and vomiting (38.10%) and dizziness and weakness (38.10%), which may be related to the type of supplement used for sedative effects. Finally, Chapter II characterizes the entire journey experienced at Pharmacy Confiança, in Bragança. The internship allowed developing skills and understanding the role of a community pharmacist, as a medicine specialist, in the promotion of health, well-being and rational use of medicines. At this point, different areas of intervention are also addressed: order management, accounting, advertisement and dispensing of medicines and other health products, and pharmacovigilance, among others.
The present work is divided into two chapters: Chapter I, concerning the research aspect, and Chapter II, which refers to the professional experience in the field of Community Pharmacy. Regarding Chapter I, it is known that sleep is a complex mechanism essential to human life, and insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder, especially in females. However, the sedative drugs used for its treatment are associated with numerous side effects and dependence. Thus, searching for natural and complementary alternatives for sleep induction is increasing. This is how the theme of the project related to the research component arises, in which the theme of the prevalence of consumption of natural sleep-inducing supplements by students at the University of Beira Interior is addressed. A study was carried out based on 546 online surveys on the Google Forms platform, exclusively by students from the University of Beira Interior, which ensured the representativeness of the sample in the 2019/2020 school year. Data treatment was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The sample consisted of students aged between 18 and 40 years old, with a greater number of participants being female (75.27%) and studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences (45.05%). Regarding sleep, 30,04% of individuals sleep between 7 to 8 hours/day and 35.71% consider that the quality of their sleep is “good”. Insomnia affects 85.90% of students and can be related to various causes and numerous consequences, including tiredness (72.34%) and stress (67.77%), among others. The quality of sleep changed with the entrance to university in 78.02% of the students, who admit that they miss classes because they sleep poorly mainly due to the increase in anxiety (81.69%) and excessive hours of study (61.74%). Some health problems and the lack of practising physical exercise can contribute to increase this sleep disturbance. Natural sleep-inducing supplements are used by only 30.59% of respondents, of which 57.49% use valerian. These substances are preferably purchased at the pharmacy (68.26%) and consumed in the form of tablets (64.67%). With its use, 56.89% of students consider that the quality of sleep is “better”. Despite the possibility of drug interactions and side effects being rare, 59.98% of respondents are aware of their existence and 86.23% consider that the advice of natural supplements by health professionals is important, since 54.90% and 39.22% of students seek advice from doctors and pharmacists, respectively. However, only 12.57% of students who use these substances admitted to experience side effects, mainly excessive sleepiness (76.19%), nausea and vomiting (38.10%) and dizziness and weakness (38.10%), which may be related to the type of supplement used for sedative effects. Finally, Chapter II characterizes the entire journey experienced at Pharmacy Confiança, in Bragança. The internship allowed developing skills and understanding the role of a community pharmacist, as a medicine specialist, in the promotion of health, well-being and rational use of medicines. At this point, different areas of intervention are also addressed: order management, accounting, advertisement and dispensing of medicines and other health products, and pharmacovigilance, among others.
Description
Keywords
Fitoterapia Distúrbios do Sono Efeitos Adversos Farmácia Comunitária Indutores de Sono Insónia Sono Suplementos Naturais