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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Os problemas mentais são uma das principais causas de incapacidade em todo o mundo. Sintomas e perturbações de ansiedade estão associados a níveis inferiores de funcionamento adaptativo. Sendo assim, a ansiedade na adolescência pode interferir no relacionamento com os pares, com a família e, fundamentalmente, prejudicar um crescimento psicossocial saudável. Deste modo, a qualidade de vida dos adolescentes, que é influenciada por inúmeros fatores entre os quais a ansiedade, pode estar comprometida, da mesma forma que o sucesso escolar se vê afetado.
Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em ambiente escolar com uma amostra de 221 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e 18 anos a frequentar o ensino secundário. Foi aplicado um questionário que incluía perguntas para recolha de dados sociodemográficos, uma questão de autoavaliação do desempenho escolar e outra para averiguar antecedentes de depressão e/ou ansiedade parental. Também foram aplicados dois instrumentos: um para avaliação da qualidade de vida (KIDSCREEN-10) e o outro para avaliação da ansiedade, o Inventário de Ansiedade Estado e Traço: Forma Y (STAI-Y), composto por duas escalas (STAI-Forma Y1 e STAI-Forma Y2). As respostas eram anónimas e confidenciais. O processamento e análise dos dados foram realizados através do software estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 21.0.
Resultados: Foram recolhidos 223 questionários e integrados no estudo 221. A média de idades registadas nos 221 participantes foi de 16,2 (DP=0,941), dos quais 66,1% pertenciam ao género feminino e 33,9% ao género masculino. Observaram-se resultados estatisticamente significativos entre os níveis de ansiedade e as cotações apresentadas na escala da qualidade de vida, com uma correlação negativa moderada (?=-0,680) entre as escalas STAI-Forma Y1 e KIDSCREEN-10 e negativa forte (?=-0,702) entres as escalas STAI-Forma Y2 e KIDSCREEN-10. De acordo com os valores obtidos, a ansiedade é mais frequente nas raparigas. Encontraram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas no caso de indicação de depressão e/ou ansiedade na mãe, nas pontuações das três escalas, STAI-Forma Y1, STAI-Forma Y2 e KIDSCREEN-10 (p<0,05). Relativamente à qualidade de vida, foram os rapazes a apresentar valores mais elevados na escala. No que respeita às características sociodemográficas, a constituição do agregado familiar não demonstrou influenciar a qualidade de vida ou os níveis de ansiedade. Contudo, a profissão parental apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas escalas da ansiedade. Relativamente à autoavaliação do desempenho escolar, verificaram-se valores superiores de ansiedade nas categorias mais baixa e mais elevada, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas no caso da escala STAI-Forma Y1 (p=0,004).
Discussão e Conclusões: A investigação centrada na saúde mental dos adolescentes é ainda escassa. Contudo, sabe-se que as perturbações psicológicas nesta faixa etária acarretam um elevado sofrimento e limitam o processo de desenvolvimento. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que a ansiedade pode influenciar negativamente a qualidade de vida, pode ter repercussões no sucesso escolar e ser afetada pelos antecedentes parentais de depressão e/ou ansiedade. Tudo isto reflete a importância de estabelecer mais e melhores relações entre a escola, família e comunidade, de forma a promover autoconfiança, a melhorar o desempenho académico e a diminuir os impactos futuros da ansiedade na qualidade de vida e no sucesso escolar de adolescentes.
Introduction: Mental health disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Symptoms and anxiety disorders are associated with lower levels of adaptive functioning. Thus, the anxiety in adolescence can interfere with relationships with peers, family and fundamentally undermine an healthy psychosocial growth. This way, the quality of life of adolescents, which is influenced by numerous factors, among them is anxiety, may be compromised in the same way that school success is affected. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in a school with a sample of 221 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 attending secondary school. It was applied a questionnaire that included questions to collect demographic data, a matter of self-evaluation of school performance and another to ascertain parental history of depression and/or anxiety disorders. There were also applied two instruments: one for assessment of quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10) and the other to evaluate anxiety, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), composed of two scales (STAI-Form Y1 and STAI-Form Y2). Responses were anonymous and confidential. The processing and data analysis were performed by using the statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: 223 questionnaires were collected and 221 were integrated into the study. The median age registered in the 221 participants was 16.2 (SD = 0.941), of which 66.1% were female and 33.9% were male gender. There were found statistically significant results between anxiety levels and scores presented in the scale of quality of life, with a moderate negative (?=-0.680) correlation between STAI-Form Y1 and KIDSCREEN-10 scales and a strong negative correlation (?=-0.702) between STAI-Form Y2 and KIDSCREEN-10 scales. According to the obtained values, anxiety is more common in girls. We found statistically significant differences in case of indication of depression and/or anxiety in the mother, in the scores of three scales, STAI-Form Y1, STAI-Form Y2 and KIDSCREEN-10 (p <0.05). Regarding the quality of life on the male gender it was shown that they have higher values on the scale. With regard to sociodemographic characteristics, like constitution of household, the results showed no influence in quality of life or anxiety levels. However, parental occupation showed statistically significant differences in anxiety scales. Regarding the self-assessment of school performance there were higher anxiety values in the lower and higher categories, with statistically significant differences in the case of STAI-Form Y1 scale (p=0.004). Discussion and conclusions: The research focused on the mental health of adolescents is still scarce. However, it is known that psychological disturbances in this age group causes great suffering and limit the development process. The results of this study indicate that anxiety can negatively influence the quality of life, can have an impact on academic success and be affected by parental history of depression and/or anxiety. All this reflects the importance of establishing more and better relations between school, family and community in order to promote self-confidence, improve academic performance and reduce the future impact of anxiety on the quality of life and academic success of adolescents.
Introduction: Mental health disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Symptoms and anxiety disorders are associated with lower levels of adaptive functioning. Thus, the anxiety in adolescence can interfere with relationships with peers, family and fundamentally undermine an healthy psychosocial growth. This way, the quality of life of adolescents, which is influenced by numerous factors, among them is anxiety, may be compromised in the same way that school success is affected. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in a school with a sample of 221 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 attending secondary school. It was applied a questionnaire that included questions to collect demographic data, a matter of self-evaluation of school performance and another to ascertain parental history of depression and/or anxiety disorders. There were also applied two instruments: one for assessment of quality of life (KIDSCREEN-10) and the other to evaluate anxiety, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), composed of two scales (STAI-Form Y1 and STAI-Form Y2). Responses were anonymous and confidential. The processing and data analysis were performed by using the statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: 223 questionnaires were collected and 221 were integrated into the study. The median age registered in the 221 participants was 16.2 (SD = 0.941), of which 66.1% were female and 33.9% were male gender. There were found statistically significant results between anxiety levels and scores presented in the scale of quality of life, with a moderate negative (?=-0.680) correlation between STAI-Form Y1 and KIDSCREEN-10 scales and a strong negative correlation (?=-0.702) between STAI-Form Y2 and KIDSCREEN-10 scales. According to the obtained values, anxiety is more common in girls. We found statistically significant differences in case of indication of depression and/or anxiety in the mother, in the scores of three scales, STAI-Form Y1, STAI-Form Y2 and KIDSCREEN-10 (p <0.05). Regarding the quality of life on the male gender it was shown that they have higher values on the scale. With regard to sociodemographic characteristics, like constitution of household, the results showed no influence in quality of life or anxiety levels. However, parental occupation showed statistically significant differences in anxiety scales. Regarding the self-assessment of school performance there were higher anxiety values in the lower and higher categories, with statistically significant differences in the case of STAI-Form Y1 scale (p=0.004). Discussion and conclusions: The research focused on the mental health of adolescents is still scarce. However, it is known that psychological disturbances in this age group causes great suffering and limit the development process. The results of this study indicate that anxiety can negatively influence the quality of life, can have an impact on academic success and be affected by parental history of depression and/or anxiety. All this reflects the importance of establishing more and better relations between school, family and community in order to promote self-confidence, improve academic performance and reduce the future impact of anxiety on the quality of life and academic success of adolescents.
Description
Keywords
Adolescentes Ansiedade Qualidade de Vida Sucesso Escolar