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Abstract(s)
O desenvolvimento económico de uma nação é suportado, em parte, pelo empreendedorismo,
pois este permite a criação de emprego, agrega valor a novos produtos e/ou serviços e é visto
como catalisador de desenvolvimento social. Para estudar este fenómeno, a intenção e
comportamento dos potenciais empreendedores (estudantes) tem sido fortemente
investigada. Neste contexto, surgem os seguintes objetivos desta investigação: (1) analisar se
os fatores psicológicos e cognitivos dos estudantes universitários influenciam a intenção
empreendedora, (2) analisar se os fatores psicológicos e cognitivos influenciam a integração
na praxe académica e (3) avaliar o efeito que a intenção empreendedora pode ter na
integração da praxe académica. Para alcançar estes objetivos este estudo incidiu numa
amostra de estudantes do primeiro ano (primeira inscrição) dos diversos cursos que fazem
parte da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (FCSH) da Universidade Beira do Interior
(UBI), Portugal. Para alcançar estes objetivos, recorreu-se a uma abordagem metodológica
quantitativa e como instrumento de recolha de dados recorreu-se a um questionário
administrado junto dos alunos selecionados para o presente estudo (N= 321). A análise dos
dados foi feita recorrendo à estatística descritiva e a modelos com equações estruturais.
Com a realização deste estudo conclui-se que os fatores cognitivos e psicológicos dos
estudantes influenciam a intenção empreendedora dos estudantes. Em relação ao segundo
objetivo, que procurava avaliar a influência dos fatores psicológicos e cognitivos na
integração dos estudantes na praxe académica, não foram verificados efeitos diretos
estatisticamente significativos dos fatores psicológicos e cognitivos na praxe. Embora esta
relação não tenha sido confirmada, esta fortalece a investigação no sentido de evidenciar que
nem todos os estudantes que participam na praxe têm os fatores psicológicos e cognitivos
necessários para o empreendedorismo, pois alguns estudantes que participam neste ritual
fazem-no unicamente pelo desejo de integração e socialização.
Finalmente, com base nos resultados obtidos conclui-se que a intenção empreendedora
exerce uma influência positiva na praxe académica dos estudantes universitários. Também se
verificou o efeito indireto dos fatores psicológicos nesta relação entre a intenção
empreendedora e a praxe. Assim, os resultados obtidos mostram que os estudantes que têm
uma intenção empreendedora percebem positivamente a praxe académica. Esta relação é
importante, já que o fortalecimento das self competências dos estudantes (por exemplo, o
comportamento autoeficácia, autoconfiança, entre outros), podem fortalecer as suas
capacidades empreendedoras. De facto, os jovens estudantes são considerados os agentes
futuros fundamentais para o desenvolvimento económico, e disseminação do trabalho
autónomo e a criação de novas empresas. Algumas implicações para a teoria e prática nesta área de investigação são também
apresentadas.
Entrepreneurship plays an important role on a nation's economic development, as it enables job creation, adds value to products and/or services and is seen as a catalyst for social development. To study this phenomenon, the intent and behaviour of a group of students as potential entrepreneurs has been substantially investigated. In this context, the following objectives of this investigation emerge: (1) analyse if the psychological and cognitive factors of college students influence entrepreneurial intention, (2) analyse whether psychological and cognitive factors influence integration in hazing, and (3) assess the effect that entrepreneurial intention can have on integration in hazing. To achieve these objectives this study focused on a sample of first year students (first enrolment) of the various courses that are part of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Portugal. We used a quantitative approach and as a data collection instrument, we used a questionnaire administered to the students selected for this study (N = 321). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and models with structural equations. With the accomplishment of this study it is concluded that the cognitive and psychological factors of the students influence the entrepreneurial intention of the students. This statistically significant relationship has already been proven by several authors. Regarding the second objective, which sought to evaluate the influence of psychological and cognitive factors on the integration of students in hazing, there were no statistically significant direct effects of psychological and cognitive factors on academic practice. Although this relationship has not been confirmed, it strengthens the research to show that not all students who participate in the usual have the necessary psychological and cognitive factors for entrepreneurship, because some students, who participate in this ritual, do so only by desire integration and socialization. Finally, based on the results obtained, it is concluded that entrepreneurial intention exerts a positive influence on the academic hazing of university students. It was also verified the indirect effect of the psychological factors in this relation between the entrepreneurial intention and the usual one. Thus, the results show that students who have an entrepreneurial intention positively perceive the academic hazing. This relationship is important, as strengthening students' self-skills (e.g., self-efficacy, self-confidence behaviour, among others) can strengthen their entrepreneurial skills. In fact, young students are considered to be the key future agents for economic development, and the dissemination of self-employment and the creation of new businesses. Some implications for theory and practice in this area of research are also presented.
Entrepreneurship plays an important role on a nation's economic development, as it enables job creation, adds value to products and/or services and is seen as a catalyst for social development. To study this phenomenon, the intent and behaviour of a group of students as potential entrepreneurs has been substantially investigated. In this context, the following objectives of this investigation emerge: (1) analyse if the psychological and cognitive factors of college students influence entrepreneurial intention, (2) analyse whether psychological and cognitive factors influence integration in hazing, and (3) assess the effect that entrepreneurial intention can have on integration in hazing. To achieve these objectives this study focused on a sample of first year students (first enrolment) of the various courses that are part of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences (FCSH), University of Beira Interior (UBI), Portugal. We used a quantitative approach and as a data collection instrument, we used a questionnaire administered to the students selected for this study (N = 321). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and models with structural equations. With the accomplishment of this study it is concluded that the cognitive and psychological factors of the students influence the entrepreneurial intention of the students. This statistically significant relationship has already been proven by several authors. Regarding the second objective, which sought to evaluate the influence of psychological and cognitive factors on the integration of students in hazing, there were no statistically significant direct effects of psychological and cognitive factors on academic practice. Although this relationship has not been confirmed, it strengthens the research to show that not all students who participate in the usual have the necessary psychological and cognitive factors for entrepreneurship, because some students, who participate in this ritual, do so only by desire integration and socialization. Finally, based on the results obtained, it is concluded that entrepreneurial intention exerts a positive influence on the academic hazing of university students. It was also verified the indirect effect of the psychological factors in this relation between the entrepreneurial intention and the usual one. Thus, the results show that students who have an entrepreneurial intention positively perceive the academic hazing. This relationship is important, as strengthening students' self-skills (e.g., self-efficacy, self-confidence behaviour, among others) can strengthen their entrepreneurial skills. In fact, young students are considered to be the key future agents for economic development, and the dissemination of self-employment and the creation of new businesses. Some implications for theory and practice in this area of research are also presented.
Description
Keywords
Estudantes Fatores Cognitivos Fatores Psicológico Intenção Empreendedora Praxe Académica Universidade