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- Envolvimento, eventos críticos e governança nas Empresas Familiares: Estudo de casoPublication . Fernandes, Cristina; Nave, Edgar; Alves, Helena; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Raposo, Mario; Paço, Arminda doAs empresas familiares são cruciais para o crescimento económico e desenvolvimento em todo o mundo. Estas empresas apresentam certas especificidades em termos da sua visão, intenções e comportamentos que envolvem profundamente os membros da família. No âmbito do projeto SPRING (Succession Planning and Regeneration in Family Businesses for New Growth through an innovative training program), este artigo pretende apresentar o estudo de caso da empresa Ropre com vista a ilustrar, através de várias entrevistas levadas a cabo a membros da família, o envolvimento e motivação em relação ao negócio da família ao longo do tempo, os eventos críticos que afetaram o negócio familiar, e os mecanismos de governança familiar. Os resultados apontam para visões algo opostas entre os membros da família e os membros externos, sendo esta uma possível fonte de conflitos de interesse na empresa, no futuro. Apesar destas dificuldades, a visão de longo prazo do mercado, a internacionalização, a capacidade de adaptação, e a abertura à mudança estratégica, foram determinantes para o sucesso e longevidade do negócio familiar. Este é um bom exemplo de uma empresa familiar no que respeita à capacidade de inovar e de se internacionalizar; para além disso, o envolvimento dos membros da família na empresa, a sua dedicação, resiliência e capacidade de adaptação a novas realidades é notório. No entanto, o problema da sucessão ainda precisa de ser discutido e amadurecido pela família.
- Introduction: the role of entrepreneurial universities in societyPublication . Ferreira, João; Fayolle, Alain; Ratten, Vanessa; Raposo, MarioUniversities are increasingly becoming more entrepreneurial in their outlook and the way they integrate into society. This comes from the competitiveness pressures universities are facing in the global economy. More emphasis is being placed on the knowledge and service economies, which is impacting upon how universities are seen in communities. In the past universities were viewed more as teaching institutions, but this has changed, with research and development also being emphasized in terms of regional competitiveness. Therefore, the role of universities has adapted to be more entrepreneurial, as there are multiple stakeholder considerations.This chapter is structured as follows. First, the development of the term ‘entrepreneurial universities’ in the literature is discussed. Second, the important role universities have in society is discussed with reference to the increased integration of entrepreneurship in educational systems. Third, the growing influence of technology and knowledge transfer at universities is stated. Next, community interaction and entrepreneurial universities is discussed. The chapter then provides an overview of chapters in the book. A final section draws conclusions.
- Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions: an international cross-border studyPublication . Fernandes, Cristina; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Raposo, Mario; Sanchez, José; Hernandez–Sanchez, BrizeidaPurpose This paper aims to study the effects of cross-border psychological determinants among students of two Iberian universities (Portugal and Spain) on entrepreneurial intentions. Design/methodology/approach Based on previous literature, the studies do not include any model that simultaneously uses self-efficacy, risk-taking propensity and proactive personality as psychological determinants of entrepreneurial intentions. Here, the authors try to fill this gap by developing an integrative psychological model about the formation of entrepreneurial intentions, including all these variables as the main preceding factors to entrepreneurial initiative and their influence on intentions for self-employment. Taking a sample of 293 university students from both countries, the authors empirically test regression models to analyse hold influence over the preference expressed in terms of becoming an entrepreneur. Findings The results show differences between two countries regarding to entrepreneurial intentions. In terms of the motivations present for launching a business, the higher they are the greater the preference over the option to work for third parties. Originality/value In addition, and in terms of the variable perceived ease of launching a company, the higher this rises, the lower the level of preference for working for third party entities. Furthermore, the greater the level of perception in terms of the social value of entrepreneurship, the greater the preference for becoming an entrepreneur.
- A review of succession strategies in family business: content analysis and future research directionsPublication . Nave, Edgar; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Fernandes, Cristina; Paço, Arminda; Alves, Helena; Raposo, MarioFamily firms (FF) represent an important business segment worldwide, contributing greatly to their country’s GDP and social well-being, giving employment and contributing to communities’ development. Due to their particularities, these organizations also face various challenges, one of the most relevant being inter-generational succession – transversal to all FF and their consequent sustainability over time. Given the importance of this issue, through a systematic literature review (SLR), the intention is to provide a general, wide-ranging view of the succession strategies most used by FF, mapping the existing literature. A total of 84 articles from the Scopus database were analysed. Through content analysis and bibliographic coupling techniques (VosViewer), four thematic groups of articles were identified, namely: (i) socio-emotional wealth and corporate governance, (ii) leadership and inter-generational conflicts, (iii) managing succession process and (iv) succession planning drivers. These themes/clusters originated a theoretical framework that depicts the investigation status of the field, and detailed suggestions for future investigations by cluster were also provided. Despite the relevance and long age of succession in FF, this is the first SLR to directly address succession strategies, offering implications for academics and practitioners, to guide a smooth succession.
- Impacto dos programas de Educação para o Empreendedorismo no aumento da intenção empreendedoraPublication . Raposo, Mário; Madeira, Maria Jose; Nave, EdgarDespite several publications over the last years about Entrepreneurship, there is a lack of evidences showing that Entrepreneurial Education (EE) could influence the predisposition to start-up, or at least increase the entrepreneurial intentions (EI). This paper aims to study the main effects of a typical Entrepreneurship Education (EE) program - specially design for Technology-Based Firms of center region of Portugal and Castilla y León in Spain, on EI. The results find in the empirical study that the program have raised the EI of the participants and has proved to be very effective to perceive the risks to venture creation and how to evaluate business ideas. Additionally, enable to instill entrepreneurial mindsets, to gain skills to firm creation and the students empowered their networking and learned to make business plans.
- Succession planning and strategies in Family Business: a multiple case studyPublication . Paço, Arminda; Fernandes, Cristina; Nave, Edgar; Alves, Helena; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Raposo, MárioFamily businesses represent a significant percentage of GDP and employability in developed economies, and their continuity and transition to a new generation is a crucial challenge. This study aims to analyse the nature of succession processes in small and medium-sized family business, exploring critical skills and succession strategies. A qualitative methodology was adopted through the formation of a focus group with eight senior and junior members of family business from different sectors of activity. The results show that family businesses have characteristics that distinguish them from other companies, presenting experiences and obstacles that can put its continuity in cause, particularly the succession. Furthermore, these businesses generally adopt a long-term perspective, with family-centred decision-making and greater stability while the founder is the leader. This research contributes to extending knowledge about family business, especially the problems arising and experienced in succession processes from the first to the second generation.
- Conclusion: future suggestions for entrepreneurial universitiesPublication . Ferreira, João José de Matos; Fayolle, Alain; Ratten, Vanessa; Raposo, MarioThis chapter provides new theoretical, practical and policy contributions to the concept of entrepreneurial universities. We provide a unified discussion of the entrepreneurial university as a way to advance theory. This also links to the practical applications of this chapter that can help universities to implement more effective entrepreneurship programmes. This chapter is structured as follows. Firstly, the changing nature of the entrepreneurial university is discussed, which contextualizes the importance of education in society. Secondly, the new way that entrepreneurship is envisioned in universities is stated. Thirdly, future research directions for entrepreneurial universities are discussed in terms of their importance in the global economy.
- Global talent management during the covid-19 pandemic? The Gods must be crazy!Publication . Fernandes, Cristina; Veiga, Pedro; Lobo, Carla; Raposo, MárioThe ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has brought terrifying effects for labour markets all around the world. Just as we witness rapid changes in terms of the ways of working (working from home), we are also observing an increase in unemployment. The ways in which major corporations with international operations process their global talent management (GTM) already represents a challenge in relatively stable times and clearly, in a period of such great and sustained turbulence as current experienced, this task becomes still more difficult. Hence, our research aims to study the impact of GTM on the international performance of major companies during the COVID-19 pandemic period. To this end, we surveyed a sample of 59 large companies that act in external markets. Through recourse to multiple linear regressions, we conclude that GTM practices return positive impacts on levels of international performance. Our research returns theoretical implications in terms of the application of integrated GTM models and with the results of significant relevance to corporations operating internationally, enabling them to better understand which strategic human resource management policies will return the best GTM results.
- Estratégia e planeamento da sucessão de Empresas Familiares: Estudo de caso múltiploPublication . Nave, Edgar; Alves, Helena; Ferreira, João José de Matos; Raposo, Mário; Paço, Arminda do; Fernandes, CristinaAs empresas familiares assumem uma percentagem expressiva do PIB e da empregabilidade nas economias desenvolvidas, sendo a sua continuidade e transição para uma nova geração, um desafio crucial. Este estudo procura analisar a natureza dos processos de sucessão de pequenas e médias empresas familiares portuguesas, explorando as suas competências críticas e estratégias para a sucessão. Foi adotada uma metodologia qualitativa, através da dinamização de um Focus Group com oito membros séniores e juniores de empresas familiares de diferentes setores de atividade. Os resultados mostram as empresas familiares apresentam características bastante distintas das outras empresas, evidenciando experiências e obstáculos que poderão colocar a sua continuidade em causa, particularmente, a questão da sucessão. Além disso, estes negócios geralmente adoptam uma perspetiva de longo prazo, com as tomadas de decisões centradas na família e uma grande estabilidade enquando o fundador se mantém na liderança. Esta investigação contribui para a extensão do conhecimento sobre empresas familiares, especialmente de problemas derivados e vivenciados nos processos de sucessão da primeira para a segunda geração.
- Supporting new firm's through Entrepreneurship education: a case of a successful coursePublication . Raposo, Mario; Madeira, Maria Jose; Nave, EdgarEntrepreneurship is a dominant force in contemporary economy. Entrepreneurship is a dynamic process of vision, change and creation. Entrepreneurship is a process of fundamental transformation, from an innovative idea, to the value proposal to the creation a new venture. It requires an application of energy and passion towards the creation and implementation of new ideas and creative solutions. The essential ingredients include: the willingness to assume risks, the ability to join a venture team, the creative skill to get necessary resources, ability to develop a solid business plan and the vision to recognize an opportunity. As entrepreneurship is about devising and implementing new ideas and practices, a strong educational foundation helps ensure that new ideas will be effective and substantive. This paper starting from the theoretical framework of entrepreneurship based on different lines of thought and with different approaches, will try to describe the dimensions of the Entrepreneurial education process and how this process promotes students' attitudes and intentions favorable to create business start-ups. In a practical way, will be presented the successful case of an course of entrepreneurship of technological base, that has been going on for some years in a partnership between several universities. Examples of successful startups, resulting from the course will be mentioned.