ICI - LabCom | Documentos por Auto-Depósito
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- Through The Looking-Glass: The Representation of Jordan and Portugal in Online-Media of Both CountriesPublication . Alzyod, Mushira Nasrallah; Canavilhas, JoãoObjectives: This article examines the media coverage in Jordan and Portugal about each other over four years (2018-21) to find out what are the subjects that the media of each country focus on, the most published stories, and the sources of these stories. Methods: A descriptive analysis method was used to evaluate 628 stories published in three online news outlets of both countries. Results: The study found that the Jordanian media published more stories about Portugal than the Portuguese media and the Jordanian media focused on sports subjects, especially football. On the other side, the Portuguese media focused on political subjects, but news about the Middle East referred to Jordan more than news related to Jordan, in particular. The dispute within the Jordanian royal family received the attention of the Portuguese press in its coverage of news from inside Jordan. In both countries, news agencies are the first source of stories. Conclusions: The results showed that the Jordanian media focused heavily on sports news related to the Portuguese national team and the player Cristiano Ronaldo, while political, economic, and even health news during the Covid-19 epidemic were few compared to sports. The Portuguese media focused more on political news than others, and the news related to the Middle East referred to Jordan more than the news about Jordan in particular, and this is linked to Jordan’s geographical location as a country located in the Middle East that shares its history and borders with Iraq, Syria, and Palestine.
- Artificial Intelligence as an Opportunity for Journalism: Insights from the Brazilian and Portuguese MediaPublication . Canavilhas, João; Ioscote, Fabia Cristiane; Gonçalves, AdrianaArtificial Intelligence (AI) has been emerging as a topic of significant interest, attracting the attention of the public and leading to an increase in research and on media coverage of this technology. This article examines how the Brazilian and Portuguese media represent AI in journalism and the challenges it poses. Using digital methods, this study analysed 60 news articles published between June 2022 and June 2024. The data were collected through an anonymous search on Google News, and the content was analysed using sentiment analysis with the PTNews software, followed by a similarity analysis using the Iramuteq software. The results show a predominantly positive sentiment towards AI in journalism, with 91.8% of articles highlighting its benefits, such as increased efficiency and the automation of routine tasks. However, concerns about disinformation, ethical implications, and the potential erosion of journalistic credibility were less emphasised. The analysis also identified key themes, including AI’s dual role as both an enabler and a threat to journalism, the importance of human oversight, and the challenges of newsroom adaptation. The findings suggest that the Brazilian and Portuguese media generally present AI as an opportunity for journalism, often downplaying the associated risks and ethical challenges.
- COVID-19: As Crianças Portuguesas Estão Bem Informadas?Publication . Baptista, João Pedro; Toniolo, Bianca; Piñeiro-Naval, Valeriano; Ramos, Cecília; Gradim, AnabelaA crise de saúde pública provocada pela COVID-19 tornou-se palco fértil para a desinformação. Neste trabalho, avaliamos o conhecimento das crianças portuguesas, entre os três e os onze anos, sobre a pandemia, aplicando um questionário a uma amostra de 960 crianças, expostas a um conjunto de informações enganosas e verdadeiras. O inquérito foidivulgado durante o primeiro Estado de Emergência, numa altura em que as crianças estavam em regime de ensino online. De um modo geral, as crianças identificaram as declarações verdadeiras relacionadas com a doença. Embora permeáveis à informação falsa, a maioria conseguiu reconhecê-la, acreditando muito mais na informação verdadeira. Os dados indicam, ainda, que quanto mais as crianças conseguem identificar a informação verdadeira, menos acreditam na informação falsa. O estudo também identificou que mais de 75 % dos inquiridos temem o vírus, independentemente da sua idade ou literacia relativamente ao tema.
- COVID-19 Communication in PortugalPublication . Gonçalves, Gisela; Piñeiro-Naval, Valeriano; Toniolo, BiancaThis chapter explores the relation between information sources and citizen trust in government risk and crisis communication. For this, we developed a reflection with theoretical and practical implications from the data obtained in the case of Portugal along the second wave of COVID-19. A survey n = 460 of Portuguese citizens was collected from October to November 2021. Findings show that the most used channels to seek information are among the so-called mainstream media: television (80.5%) is the most used medium by citizens, followed by online news (73.3%) and radio (59.4%). However, the news media was not considered the most trusted source of information. Experts and health care personnel were the more reliable sources by the Portuguese. Data also indicates that people who often search for information on traditional media (especially television) have more trust in the government. On the other hand, people who often use scientific and institutional sources are more likely to trust health professionals. Results highlight a positive perception of government communication among respondents. There is also evidence that a greater use of news media increases trust in government sources, which also leads to a positive opinion about the crisis’s management process.
- New communication approaches in thermal spa social media: A sentiment analysis of commentsPublication . Antunes, Vera; Gonçalves, Gisela; Estevão, CristinaThis article reflects on the use of social media to communicate thermalism with a view to arouse curiosity about thermalism. Through strategic communication it emphasises both the medium (social media) and the objective (engagement with users). With the aim of researching and developing communication strategies in social media that can be used by thermal spas to increase the engagement of their followers, this study analyses the comments on social media and the opportunities that may arise when looking into the future of communication. The results come from the analysis of the social media of Termas de Chaves and Termas de São Pedro do Sul in Portugal, revealing that people are increasingly motivated to experience thermal services and products. Artificial intelligence was used to identify the sentiments in the comments, which provided relevant results to develop a model capable of maximising the benefits of thermalism and minimising communication problems with its audiences. This model supports a plurality of digital communication strategies, with different characteristics and objectives, but which fulfil a collective purpose: to disseminate information about thermalism in order to build a solid knowledge about it. This study highlights the need for further research on thermalism, with a special focus on communication.
- Inteligência Artificial: o primeiro jornal do mundo feito com ChatGPTPublication . Canavilhas, JoãoNo dia 1 de abril de 2022, o semanário português i lançou uma edição feita “quase sem intervenção humana”, segundo a direção do próprio jornal. A palavra “quase” foi usada para sublinhar que, embora as notícias e as reportagens tenham sido escritas pelo ChatGPT, os títulos e as imagens foram produzidos pelos jornalistas da redação. Independentemente desta particularidade, o jornal afirma ser o primeiro do mundo feito com o ChatGPT, por isso justifica-se este estudo. O interesse é redobrado porque não houve qualquer revisão dos textos produzidos, o que configura um caso de excelência para estudar o trabalho algorítmico. Neste trabalho analisa-se a produção autónoma do algoritmo desenvolvido pela openAI para saber se os algoritmos têm potencial para substituir os jornalistas nas redações. Conclui-se que, apesar de algumas vantagens para o jornalismo, os bots ainda não produzem conteúdos com o rigor e a qualidade que a atividade jornalística exige, não podendo, por isso, funcionar de forma autónoma.
- Inteligência Artificial e Transparência no JornalismoPublication . Canavilhas, João; Biolchi, BárbaraA crise que afeta o jornalismo desde o início do século levou ao despedimento de milhares de jornalistas em todo o mundo. Para solucionar a falta de recursos humanos, muitos jornais recorreram à inteligência artificial (IA), mas a introdução de sistemas não humanos e pouco escrutináveis levantou novas questões relacionadas com a transparência do processo jornalístico, afetando a já frágil credibilidade dos media. Não havendo legislação relacionada com o uso da IA no jornalismo, os meios de comunicação têm publicado recomendações que orientem os seus profissionais. Neste trabalho analisamos dois documentos pioneiros, um do Estadão (Brasil) e outro da BBC (Reino Unido), que mostram a forma como estes media procuram ganhar a confiança dos consumidores, explicando de que forma usam a IA nas redações.
- Decoding Journalism in the Digital Age: Self-Representation, News Quality, and Collaboration in Portuguese NewsroomsPublication . Canavilhas, João; Di Fátima, BrancoThis paper analyses the self-representations of Portuguese media professionals and their work practices. Utilizing data from a broader empirical study, this paper delves into the dynamics of influence among various actors within newsrooms. Based on journalists’ perceptions of the content, the methods they use to assess the quality of the news are also identified. To address these enquiries, a survey was conducted among professionals engaged in the news production process. This sample comprised 72 individuals from various sectors of newsrooms, including photographers, designers, IT professionals, social media managers, and videographers. The main results indicate that seven out of ten respondents acknowledged their reliance on colleagues in newsrooms for success. Furthermore, the data suggest that there are no significant disparities among different professionals, with personal satisfaction emerging as the primary criterion for assessing the work quality. It is notable that almost twice as many women tend to indicate the low impact of the journalist on their work compared to male respondents. Moreover, most respondents stated that there is space for hybrid professionals in newsrooms.
- The normative imperative: Sociopolitical challenges of strategic and organizational communicationPublication . Oliveira, Evandro; Gonçalves, GiselaIn this proceedings book, we can find 29 extended abstracts selected for presentation and discussion at the interim ECREA Organizational and Strategic Communication thematic session conference that took place from 5th to 7th of July 2023 at the Autonomous University of Lisbon, in a joint organisation with LabCom – Research centre, from the University of Beira Interior. Some of the topics debated along the conference were: normative governance for organizational communication and strategic communication; impact of rhetoric, persuasion and brand narratives on society; public sector implications of normative dimensions; nonprofit and hypocrisy; impact of communication on consumers identity and well-being; B-corps as a new relationship management approach; accountability, integrated reporting and communication; greenwashing and other “image” washing; internal relationship management and well-being; corporate social advocacy and CEO activism.
- Comunicación de riesgo y emergencias: análisis de estrategias y discursos en la era digitalPublication . Sánchez Calero, Maria Luisa; Gonçalves, GiselaEste nuevo monográfico de Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico pretende dar algunos detalles de la gestión derivada ante ciertas situaciones de riesgo y emergencias en redes sociales. Conocer los retos y los peligros a los que nos enfrentamos es tener la mitad del camino ganado. Y, por ello, en esta nueva era es necesario entender los rápidos cambios que experimentan las instituciones públicas y privadas, sus transformaciones y cómo cambian, al compás de todos estos procesos paralelos. [...]